Related papers: Clusters of Galaxies: Diagnostic Tools for Cosmolo…
Galaxy clusters are important cosmological probes since their abundance and spatial distribution are directly linked to structure formation on large scales. The principal uncertainty source on the cosmological parameter constraints concerns…
Cosmological implications of clusters of galaxies are discussed with particular attention to their importance in probing the cosmological parameters. More specifically we compute the number counts of clusters of galaxies, Log $N$ -- Log $S$…
Groups and clusters contain a large fraction of hot gas which emits X-ray radiation. This gas yields information on the dynamical state and on the total mass of these systems. X-ray spectra show that heavy elements are present in the gas.…
I review some important aspects of the structural and statistical properties of the nearby X-ray galaxy cluster population, discussing the new constraints on mass profiles, the mass-temperature relation, and the entropy of the intracluster…
Multiple images, giant arcs, Einstein cross, fold, cusp, lip, caustics, critical lines, sources, mapping, time delay, arclets, weak shear, magnification bias, depletion, ellipticities, polarization, smearing, convergence, kernel, mass…
In this review, we describe our current understanding of cluster formation: from the general picture of collapse from initial density fluctuations in an expanding Universe to detailed simulations of cluster formation including the effects…
The mass distribution of galaxy clusters can be determined from the study of the projected phase-space distribution of cluster galaxies. The main advantage of this method as compared to others, is that it allows determination of cluster…
I discuss Chandra X-ray Observatory measurements of cavities in galaxy clusters and their implications for heating the intracluster gas. The emerging paradigm for cooling flows has important implications for understanding self-regulated…
This talk reviews the scientific motivations, the potential difficulty and recent advances in cosmology using cluster number-counts in the X-ray band. Our forward modelling approach shows that many of the practical and conceptual…
The degree of complexity and, to a somewhat lesser degree, realism in simulations has advanced rapidly in the past few years. The simplest approach - modeling a cluster as collisionless dark matter and collisonal, non--radiative gas is now…
Determining the structure of galaxy clusters is essential for an understanding of large scale structure in the universe, and may hold important clues to the identity and nature of dark matter particles. Moreover, the core dark matter…
As the largest gravitationally collapsed objects, and as objects with a relatively low space density, clusters of galaxies offer one of the best sets of standard candles for trying to measure basic cosmological parameters such as the…
The abundance of galaxy clusters in the low-redshift universe provides an important cosmological test, constraining a product of the initial amplitude of fluctuations and the amount by which they have grown since early times. The degeneracy…
The abundance of clusters is a classical cosmological probe sensitive to both the geometrical aspects and the growth rate of structures. The abundance of clusters of galaxies measured by Planck has been found to be in tension with the…
The next generation X-ray observatory ASTRO-H will open up a new dimension in the study of galaxy clusters by achieving for the first time the spectral resolution required to measure velocities of the intracluster plasma, and extending at…
Clusters of galaxies generally form by the gravitational merger of smaller clusters and groups. Mergers drive shocks in the intracluster gas which heat the intracluster gas. Mergers disrupt cluster cooling cores. Mergers produce large,…
Rich clusters of galaxies are the most massive virialized systems known. Even though they contain only a small fraction of all galaxies, rich clusters provide a powerful tool for the study of galaxy formation, dark matter, large-scale…
Galaxy clusters, the most massive, dark-matter-dominated, and most recently assembled structures in the Universe, are key tools for probing cosmology. However, uncertainties in scaling relations that connect cluster mass to observables like…
A software package able to simulate imaging observations of galaxy clusters by the Chandra X-ray telescope is here presented. We start from high resolution N-body hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy clusters and assign to each gas particle…
Galaxy cluster mergers are representative of a wide range of physics, making them an excellent probe of the properties of dark matter and the ionized plasma of the intracluster medium. To date, most studies have focused on mergers occurring…