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We investigate star formation at very early evolutionary phases in five massive clouds in the inner 500 pc of the Galaxy, the Central Molecular Zone. Using interferometer observations of H$_2$O masers and ultra-compact H II regions, we find…

A set of diffuse interstellar clouds in the inner Galaxy within a few hundred pc of the Galactic plane has been observed at an angular resolution of ~1 arcmin combining data from the NRAO Green Bank Telescope and the Very Large Array. At…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-15 Yurii Pidopryhora , Felix J. Lockman , John M. Dickey , Michael P. Rupen

We used CO (2-1) and CO (1-0) data cubes to identify molecular clouds and study their kinematics and dynamics in three nearby galaxies and the inner Milky Way. When observed at similar spatial and velocity resolutions, molecular clouds in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-03 J. W. Zhou , Sami Dib

Knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of Galactic molecular clouds is important for understanding how clouds are affected by processes such as turbulence and magnetic fields and how this structure effects star formation within them.…

Recent observations have found that the age distribution of star clusters (SCs) in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) shows a sharp peak around 2 Gyr ago. However, it is theoretically unclear what physical processes are responsible for such…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-12-30 Mia L Williams , Kenji Bekki , Madeleine L McKenzie

We performed sub-parsec (~0.06pc) scale simulations of two idealised molecular clouds with different masses undergoing a collision. Gas clumps with density greater than 1e-20 g/cm3 (0.3e4 cm-3) were identified as pre-stellar cores and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-22 Ken Takahira , Elizabeth J. Tasker , Asao Habe

We have analyzed HCN(1-0) and CS(2-1) line profiles obtained with high signal-to-noise ratios toward distinct positions in three selected objects in order to search for small-scale structure in molecular cloud cores associated with regions…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2011-08-31 L. E. Pirogov , I. I. Zinchenko

The structure and dynamics of the star-forming disk of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) have long confounded us. The SMC is widely used as a prototype for galactic physics at low metallicity, and yet we fundamentally lack an understanding…

We aim to better understand how the spatial structure of molecular clouds is governed by turbulence. For that, we study the large-scale spatial distribution of low density molecular gas and search for characteristic length scales. We employ…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 N. Schneider , S. Bontemps , R. Simon , V. Ossenkopf , C. Federrath , R. Klessen , F. Motte , P. Andre , J. Stutzki , C. Brunt

The galaxy size-luminosity and size-stellar mass relations are important constraints on the galactic baryon cycle of gas accretion, star formation, and feedback. There are conflicting claims in the literature regarding how environment…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-14 Li-Wen Liao , Andrew Cooper

(Abridged) The formation of molecular clouds (MCs) from the diffuse interstellar gas appears to be a necessary step for star formation, as young stars invariably occur within them. However, the mechanisms controlling the formation of MCs…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-11-26 P. Hennebelle , M. -M. Mac Low , E. Vazquez-Semadeni

We use the ~370 square degrees data from the MWISP CO survey to study the vertical distribution of the molecular clouds (MCs) toward the tangent points in the region of l=[16,52]deg and |b|<5.1deg. The molecular disk consists of two…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-04-14 Yang Su , Ji Yang , Qing-Zeng Yan , Shaobo Zhang , Hongchi Wang , Yan Sun , Zhiwei Chen , Chen Wang , Xin Zhou , Xuepeng Chen , Zhibo Jiang , Min Wang

We present results on the structural properties of massive passive galaxies in three clusters at $1.39<z<1.61$ from the KMOS Cluster Survey. We measure light-weighted and mass-weighted sizes from optical and near-infrared Hubble Space…

Recent observational results indicate that the functional shape of the spatially-resolved star formation-molecular gas density relation depends on the spatial scale considered. These results may indicate a fundamental role of sampling…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-04 Daniela Calzetti , Guilin Liu , Jin Koda

The circumgalactic medium (CGM) is the largest baryon reservoir around galaxies, but its extent, mass, and temperature distribution remain uncertain. We propose that cool gas ($\sim 10^4$ K) in the CGM resides in clumpy structures referred…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-03 Mukesh Singh Bisht , Prateek Sharma , Alankar Dutta , Biman B. Nath

Recent radio observations towards nearby galaxies started to map the whole disk and to identify giant molecular clouds (GMCs) even in the regions between galactic spiral structures. Observed variations of GMC mass functions in different…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-05-23 Masato I. N. Kobayashi , Hiroshi Kobayashi , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka , Yasuo Fukui

We perform a statistical clustering analysis of upper main-sequence stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using data from the Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy survey of the Magellanic Clouds. We map over 2500 young…

Supernova explosions inject a considerable amount of energy into the interstellar medium (ISM) in regions with high to moderate star formation rates. In order to assess whether the driving of turbulence by supernovae is also important in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-13 Sami Dib , C. Jakob Walcher , Mark Heyer , Edouard Audit , Laurent Loinard

Current observations favour that the massive ultraviolet-bright clumps with a median stellar mass of $\sim 10^7~M_{\odot}$, ubiquitously observed in $z\sim 1-3$ galaxies, are star-forming regions formed in-situ in galaxies. It has been…

We analyze $Chandra$ observations of the hot atmospheres of 40 early spiral and elliptical galaxies. Using new temperature, density, cooling time, and mass profiles, we explore relationships between their hot atmospheres and cold molecular…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-01-08 Iu. V. Babyk , B. R. McNamara , P. D. Tamhane , P. E. J. Nulsen , H. R. Russell , A. C. Edge