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Context. Low- and intermediate-mass giants undergo a complex chemical evolution that has yet to be observationally probed. The influence of core helium flash on the chemical composition of stellar atmospheres has been an open question since…

We have extensively mapped a sample of dense molecular clouds (L1512, TMC-1C, L1262, Per 7, L1389, L1251E) in lines of HC3N, CH3OH, SO and C^{18}O. We demonstrate that a high degree of chemical differentiation is present in all of the…

We adopt a new chemical evolution model for the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and thereby investigate its past star formation and chemical enrichment histories. The delay time distribution of type Ia supernovae recently revealed by type Ia…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Kenji Bekki , Takuji Tsujimoto

During the transition phase from a prestellar to a protostellar cloud core, one or several protostars can form within a single gas core. The detailed physical processes of this transition, however, still remain unclear. We present 1.3 mm…

Measurement of chemical and kinematic structures in prestellar cores is essential for better understanding the star formation process. Here, we study the three prestellar cores (TMC-1C, L1544, and TMC-1) of the Taurus molecular cloud by…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-08-31 Atanu Koley

N2H+ observations of molecular cloud cores in Taurus with the Nobeyama 45 m radio telescope are reported. We compare ``cores with young stars'' with ``cores without young stars''. The differences in core radius, linewidth, and core mass are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 K. Tatematsu , T. Umemoto , R. Kandori , Y. Sekimoto

High-mass star formation involves complex processes, with the hot core phase playing a crucial role in chemical enrichment and the formation of complex organic molecules. However, molecular inventories in hot cores remain limited. Using…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-26 Chunguo Duan , Qian Gou , Tie Liu , Fengwei Xu , Xuefang Xu , Junlin Lan , Ke Wang , Laurent Pagani , Donghui Quan , Junzhi Wang , Xunchuan Liu , Mingwei He

The detection of complex organic molecules (COMs) toward cold sources such as pre-stellar cores (with T<10 K), has challenged our understanding of the formation processes of COMs in the interstellar medium. Recent modelling on COM chemistry…

We report the identification of a sample of potential High-Mass Starless Cores (HMSCs). The cores were discovered by comparing images of the fields containing candidate High-Mass Protostellar Objects (HMPOs) at 1.2mm and mid-infrared…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 T. K. Sridharan , H. Beuther , M. Saito , F. Wyrowski , P. Schilke

We present PrestaLine: Gorynych, a comprehensive numerical tool designed to model the dynamical, chemical, and spectral evolution of collapsing molecular cores from the prestellar phase to protostellar accretion. The code integrates three…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-16 Olga Kochina , Dmitri Wiebe , Yaroslav Pavlyuchenkov , Maria S. Kirsanova

We have made an extensive 1.2mm continuum mosaicing study of the Cygnus X molecular cloud complex using the MAMBO cameras at the IRAM 30 m telescope. We then compared our mm maps with mid-IR images, and have made SiO(2-1) follow-up…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-01-10 Frédérique Motte , S. Bontemps , P. Schilke , N. Schneider , K. M. Menten , D. Broguière

Current theories and models attempt to explain star formation globally, from core scales to giant molecular cloud scales. A multi-scale observational characterisation of an entire molecular complex is necessary to constrain them. We…

We report interferometric observations of the high-mass star-forming object IRAS 23033+5951. Our observations reveal two massive molecular cloud cores, designated IRAS 23033+5951-MMS1 and IRAS 23033+5951-MMS2. MMS1 has already formed a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Michael A. Reid , Brenda C. Matthews

Isolated dense molecular cores are investigated to study the onset of complex organic molecule formation in interstellar ice. Sampling three cores with ongoing formation of low-mass stars (B59, B335, and L483) and one starless core (L694-2)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-12-02 Laurie E. U. Chu , Klaus W. Hodapp , A. C. Adwin Boogert

We investigate the chemical evolution of a forming molecular cloud behind an interstellar shock wave. We conduct three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics simulations of the converging flow of atomic gas, including a simple chemical network…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-08 Yuto Komichi , Yuri Aikawa , Kazunari Iwasaki , Kenji Furuya

(Abridged) Aims & Methods. A two-dimensional, semi-analytical model is presented that follows, for the first time, the chemical evolution from a collapsing molecular cloud (a pre-stellar core) to a protostar and circumstellar disk. The…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 R. Visser , E. F. van Dishoeck , S. D. Doty , C. P. Dullemond

Two bipolar proto-planetary nebulae, IRAS16594-4656 and IRAS17150-3224, have been detected in various molecular lines, namely CO, ^{13}CO, HCN and CN, and remain undetected in several other species. CO(J=2-1) and CO(J=3-2) line profiles are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Paul M. Woods , L. -A. Nyman , F. L. Schoeier , A. A. Zijlstra , T. J. Millar , H. Olofsson

Determining the level of chemical complexity within dense starless and gravitationally bound prestellar cores is crucial for constructing chemical models, which subsequently constrain the initial chemical conditions of star formation. We…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-04-28 Samantha Scibelli , Yancy Shirley , Anton Vasyunin , Ralf Launhardt

Dense low mass cores in nearby clouds like Taurus and Auriga are some of the simplest sites currently forming stars like our Sun. Because of their simplicity and proximity, dense cores offer the clearest view of the different phases of star…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-08 Mario Tafalla

We have observed the HCO+ J=3-2 line toward 17 starless cores selected from the list of Ward-Thompson et al. (1994). Six of these cores have line asymmetries indicative of collapse. The excess of blue-skewed profiles over red-skewed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Erik M. Gregersen , Neal J. Evans