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How does turbulence contribute to the formation and structure of the dense interstellar medium (ISM)? Molecular clouds are dense, high-pressure objects. It is usually argued that gravitational confinement causes the high pressures, and that…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-18 Mordecai-Mark Mac Low

The supernova-driven interstellar medium in star-forming galaxies has Reynolds numbers of the order of $10^{6}$ or even larger. We study, by means of adaptive mesh refinement hydro- and magnetohydrodynamical simulations that cover the full…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. A. de Avillez , D. Breitschwerdt

Recent numerical simulations of the interstellar medium driven by energy input from supernovae and stellar winds indicate that HI clouds can be formed by compression in shock waves and colliding turbulent streams without any help from…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Anvar Shukurov

The theory of the interaction of planetary nebulae with the interstellar medium is important for the interpretation of nebular morphologies that deviate from point symmetry. It can be used to probe the interstellar medium and its magnetic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ruth Dgani

MHD Turbulence is a critical component of the current paradigms of star formation, particle transport, magnetic reconnection and evolution of the ISM, to name just a few. Progress on this difficult subject is made via numerical simulations…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-27 Blakesley Burkhart , Alex Lazarian

We discuss some typical problems related to numerical hydrodynamics of a dense interstellar medium. A newly developed hydrodynamical code based on adaptive mesh refinement technique is presented and applied to simulate the evolution of a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Tomasz Plewa , Michal Rozyczka

The interstellar medium (ISM) provides a unique laboratory for highly supersonic, driven hydrodynamics turbulence. We present a theory of such turbulence, confirm it by numerical simulations, and use the results to explain observational…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Stanislav Boldyrev , Aake Nordlund , Paolo Padoan

The mechanisms that maintain turbulence in the interstellar medium (ISM) are still not identified. This work investigates how we can distinguish between two fundamental driving mechanisms: the accumulated effect of stellar feedback versus…

The accumulation, compression and cooling of the ambient interstellar medium (ISM) in large-scale flows powered by OB cluster feedback can drive the production of dense molecular clouds. We review the current state of the field, with a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2013-04-10 J. R. Dawson

I review recent results from numerical simulations on the structure and dynamics of the ISM, and attempt to put together a coherent dynamical scenario. In particular, I discuss results on 1) the spatial distribution of the gas components,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Enrique Vazquez-Semadeni

I review the capabilities of H$\alpha$ observations to constrain some aspects of the current models of the interstellar medium. In particular, it is shown that turbulence is a necessary ingredient of any viable model, since most of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Andrea Ferrara

Supersonic turbulence in molecular clouds is a dominant agent that strongly affects the clouds' evolution and star formation activity. Turbulence may be initiated and maintained by a number of processes, acting at a wide range of physical…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-11-20 C. M. Brunt , M. H. Heyer , M. -M. Mac Low

We developed a computer vision-based methodology to achieve precise 3D segmentation and tracking of superbubbles within magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the supernova-driven interstellar medium. Leveraging advanced 3D transformer models,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-31 Jing-Wen Chen , Alex S. Hill , Anna Ordog , Rebecca A. Booth , Mohamed S. Shehata

The models of star formation function and of dissipation of turbulent energy of interstellar medium are proposed. In star formation model the feedback of supernovae is taken into account. It is shown that hierarchical scenario of galaxy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-12-10 E. P. Kurbatov

The interaction of the ISM with the evolution of PNe is studied for cases where there is a large relative velocity between ISM and central star, for example for high-proper motion PNe. In such cases the ISM wind already interacts strongly…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hans-Reinhard Müller , Florian Kerber , Thomas Rauch , Eva-Maria Pauli

It has been known for half a century that the interstellar medium (ISM) of our Galaxy is structured on scales as small as a few hundred km, more than 10 orders of magnitude smaller than typical ISM structures and energy input scales. In…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-10-17 Snezana Stanimirovic , Ellen G. Zweibel

This is a brief review of our understanding of the properties of the interstellar medium (ISM) in dwarf galaxies in connection to their star formation activity. What are the dominant phases of the ISM in these objects? How do the properties…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-01-08 Alberto D. Bolatto

Many massive stars travel through the interstellar medium at supersonic speeds. As a result they form bow shocks at the interface between the stellar wind. We use numerical hydrodynamics to reproduce such bow shocks numerically, creating…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Allard Jan van Marle , Leen Decin , Nick Cox , Zakaria Meliani

We present a method for modelling star-forming clouds that combines two different models of the thermal evolution of the interstellar medium (ISM). In the combined model, where the densities are low enough that at least some part of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-19 Matthew R. Bate , Eric R. Keto

Star formation is intimately linked to the dynamical evolution of molecular clouds. Turbulent fragmentation determines where and when protostellar cores form, and how they contract and grow in mass via accretion from the surrounding cloud…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ralf Klessen