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Ground-based atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes are proven to be effective instruments for observations of very high energy (VHE) gamma-radiation from celestial objects. For effective use of such technique one needs detailed Monte Carlo…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 A. Konopelko , A. Plyasheshnikov

Gamma-ray astronomy from hundreds of GeV to PeV is confined to ground-based experiments that detect air showers induced by $\gamma$-rays entering Earth's atmosphere. While particle detector arrays feature huge detection areas, accurately…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-13 Markus Pirke , Youngwan Son , Jonas Glombitza , Martin Schneider , Ian James Watson , Christopher van Eldik

The advent of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) and recent advances in reconstruction of gamma-ray photons with Cherenkov telescopes are bound to push the limit of angular resolution to an unprecedented precision of less than…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-23 Georg Schwefer , Jim Hinton

Monochromatic gamma-ray signals constitute a potential smoking gun signature for annihilating or decaying dark matter particles that could relatively easily be distinguished from astrophysical or instrumental backgrounds. We provide an…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-07-24 S. Abe , J. Abhir , A. Abhishek , F. Acero , A. Acharyya , R. Adam , A. Aguasca-Cabot , I. Agudo , A. Aguirre-Santaella , J. Alfaro , R. Alfaro , N. Alvarez-Crespo , R. Alves Batista , J. -P. Amans , E. Amato , G. Ambrosi , L. Angel , C. Aramo , C. Arcaro , T. T. H. Arnesen , L. Arrabito , K. Asano , Y. Ascasibar , J. Aschersleben , H. Ashkar , M. Backes , A. Baktash , C. Balazs , M. Balbo , A. Baquero Larriva , V. Barbosa Martins , U. Barres de Almeida , J. A. Barrio , I. Batković , R. Batzofin , J. Baxter , J. Becerra González , G. Beck , W. Benbow , D. Berge , E. Bernardini , J. Bernete , K. Bernlöhr , A. Berti , B. Bertucci , P. Bhattacharjee , S. Bhattacharyya , C. Bigongiari , A. Biland , E. Bissaldi , J. Biteau , O. Blanch , J. Blazek , F. Bocchino , C. Boisson , J. Bolmont , G. Bonnoli , A. Bonollo , P. Bordas , Z. Bosnjak , E. Bottacini , M. Böttcher , T. Bringmann , E. Bronzini , R. Brose , A. M. Brown , G. Brunelli , A. Bulgarelli , T. Bulik , I. Burelli , L. Burmistrov , M. Burton , M. Buscemi , T. Bylund , J. Cailleux , A. Campoy-Ordaz , B. K. Cantlay , G. Capasso , A. Caproni , R. Capuzzo-Dolcetta , P. Caraveo , S. Caroff , A. Carosi , R. Carosi , E. Carquin , M. -S. Carrasco , F. Cassol , L. Castaldini , N. Castrejon , A. J. Castro-Tirado , D. Cerasole , M. Cerruti , P. M. Chadwick , S. Chaty , A. W. Chen , M. Chernyakova , A. Chiavassa , J. Chudoba , L. Chytka , G. M. Cicciari , A. Cifuentes , C. H. Coimbra Araujo , M. Colapietro , V. Conforti , F. Conte , J. L. Contreras , A. Costa , H. Costantini , G. Cotter , P. Cristofari , O. Cuevas , Z. Curtis-Ginsberg , G. D'Amico , F. D'Ammando , S. Dai , M. Dalchenko , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , M. de Bony de Lavergne , V. De Caprio , E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino , B. De Lotto , M. De Lucia , R. de Menezes , M. de Naurois , V. de Souza , L. del Peral , M. V. del Valle , A. G. Delgado Giler , J. Delgado Mengual , C. Delgado , M. Dell'aiera , D. della Volpe , D. Depaoli , T. Di Girolamo , A. Di Piano , F. Di Pierro , R. Di Tria , L. Di Venere , C. Díaz , S. Diebold , A. Dinesh , J. Djuvsland , R. M. Dominik , D. Dominis Prester , A. Donini , D. Dorner , J. Dörner , M. Doro , J. -L. Dournaux , C. Duangchan , C. Dubos , L. Ducci , V. V. Dwarkadas , J. Ebr , C. Eckner , K. Egberts , S. Einecke , D. Elsässer , G. Emery , M. Errando , C. Escanuela , P. Escarate , M. Escobar Godoy , J. Escudero , P. Esposito , S. Ettori , D. Falceta-Goncalves , E. Fedorova , S. Fegan , Q. Feng , G. Ferrand , F. Ferrarotto , E. Fiandrini , A. Fiasson , M. Filipovic , V. Fioretti , M. Fiori , L. Foffano , L. Font Guiteras , G. Fontaine , S. Fröse , Y. Fukazawa , Y. Fukui , A. Furniss , G. Galanti , G. Galaz , C. Galelli , S. Gallozzi , V. Gammaldi , M. Garczarczyk , C. Gasbarra , D. Gasparrini , A. Ghalumyan , F. Gianotti , M. Giarrusso , J. G. Giesbrecht Formiga Paiva , N. Giglietto , F. Giordano , R. Giuffrida , J. -F. Glicenstein , J. Glombitza , P. Goldoni , J. M. González , M. M. González , J. Goulart Coelho , T. Gradetzke , J. Granot , D. Grasso , R. Grau , L. Gréaux , D. Green , J. G. Green , G. Grolleron , L. M. V. Guedes , O. Gueta , J. Hackfeld , D. Hadasch , P. Hamal , W. Hanlon , S. Hara , V. M. Harvey , T. Hassan , K. Hayashi , B. Heß , L. Heckmann , M. Heller , S. Hernández Cadena , O. Hervet , J. Hinton , N. Hiroshima , B. Hnatyk , R. Hnatyk , W. Hofmann , J. Holder , D. Horan , P. Horvath , T. Hovatta , M. Hrabovsky , D. Hrupec , M. Iarlori , T. Inada , F. Incardona , S. Inoue , Y. Inoue , F. Iocco , M. Iori , K. Ishio , M. Jamrozy , P. Janecek , F. Jankowsky , P. Jean , J. Jimenez Quiles , W. Jin , C. Juramy-Gilles , J. Jurysek , M. Kagaya , O. Kalekin , V. Karas , H. Katagiri , J. Kataoka , S. Kaufmann , D. Kazanas , D. Kerszberg , D. B. Kieda , T. Kleiner , G. Kluge , Y. Kobayashi , K. Kohri , N. Komin , P. Kornecki , K. Kosack , G. Kowal , H. Kubo , J. Kushida , A. La Barbera , N. La Palombara , M. Láinez , A. Lamastra , J. Lapington , P. Laporte , S. Lazarević , J. Lazendic-Galloway , M. Lemoine-Goumard , J. -P. Lenain , F. Leone , E. Leonora , G. Leto , E. Lindfors , M. Linhoff , I. Liodakis , A. Lipniacka , S. Lombardi , F. Longo , R. López-Coto , M. López-Moya , A. López-Oramas , S. Loporchio , J. Lozano Bahilo , P. L. Luque-Escamilla , O. Macias , P. Majumdar , M. Mallamaci , D. Malyshev , D. Mandat , G. Manicò , M. Mariotti , I. Márquez , P. Marquez , G. Marsella , J. Martí , G. A. Martínez , M. Martínez , O. Martinez , C. Marty , A. Mas-Aguilar , M. Mastropietro , D. Mazin , S. Menchiari , E. Mestre , J. -L. Meunier , D. M. -A. Meyer , M. Meyer , D. Miceli , M. Miceli , M. Michailidis , J. Michałowski , T. Miener , J. M. Miranda , A. Mitchell , M. Mizote , T. Mizuno , R. Moderski , M. Molero , C. Molfese , E. Molina , T. Montaruli , A. Moralejo , D. Morcuende , A. Morselli , E. Moulin , V. Moya Zamanillo , K. Munari , T. Murach , A. Muraczewski , H. Muraishi , T. Nakamori , A. Nayak , R. Nemmen , J. P. Neto , L. Nickel , J. Niemiec , D. Nieto , M. Nievas Rosillo , M. Nikołajuk , L. Nikolić , K. Nishijima , K. Noda , D. Nosek , V. Novotny , S. Nozaki , M. Ohishi , Y. Ohtani , A. Okumura , J. -F. Olive , R. A. Ong , M. Orienti , R. Orito , M. Orlandini , E. Orlando , S. Orlando , M. Ostrowski , J. Otero-Santos , I. Oya , I. Pagano , A. Pagliaro , M. Palatiello , G. Panebianco , D. Paneque , F. R. Pantaleo , J. M. Paredes , N. Parmiggiani , B. Patricelli , A. Pe'er , M. Pech , M. Pecimotika , U. Pensec , M. Peresano , J. Pérez-Romero , M. Persic , K. P. Peters , O. Petruk , G. Piano , E. Pierre , E. Pietropaolo , M. Pihet , L. Pinchbeck , G. Pirola , C. Pittori , C. Plard , F. Podobnik , M. Pohl , V. Pollet , G. Ponti , E. Prandini , G. Principe , C. Priyadarshi , N. Produit , M. Prouza , E. Pueschel , G. Pühlhofer , M. L. Pumo , F. Queiroz , A. Quirrenbach , S. Rainò , R. Rando , S. Razzaque , M. Regeard , A. Reimer , O. Reimer , A. Reisenegger , W. Rhode , D. Ribeiro , M. Ribó , C. Ricci , T. Richtler , J. Rico , F. Rieger , L. Riitano , V. Rizi , E. Roache , G. Rodriguez Fernandez , M. D. Rodríguez Frías , J. J. Rodríguez-Vázquez , P. Romano , G. Romeo , J. Rosado , A. Rosales de Leon , G. Rowell , B. Rudak , A. J. Ruiter , C. B. Rulten , I. Sadeh , L. Saha , T. Saito , H. Salzmann , M. Sánchez-Conde , H. Sandaker , P. Sangiorgi , H. Sano , M. Santander , R. Santos-Lima , V. Sapienza , T. Šarić , A. Sarkar , S. Sarkar , F. G. Saturni , S. Savarese , A. Scherer , F. Schiavone , P. Schipani , B. Schleicher , P. Schovanek , J. L. Schubert , U. Schwanke , M. Seglar Arroyo , I. R. Seitenzahl , O. Sergijenko , M. Servillat , T. Siegert , H. Siejkowski , C. Siqueira , V. Sliusar , A. Slowikowska , H. Sol , S. T. Spencer , D. Spiga , A. Stamerra , S. Stanič , T. Starecki , R. Starling , Ł. Stawarz , C. Steppa , E. Sæther Hatlen , T. Stolarczyk , J. Strišković , Y. Suda , P. Świerk , H. Tajima , D. Tak , M. Takahashi , R. Takeishi , T. Tavernier , L. A. Tejedor , K. Terauchi , M. Teshima , V. Testa , W. W. Tian , L. Tibaldo , O. Tibolla , C. J. Todero Peixoto , F. Torradeflot , D. F. Torres , G. Tosti , N. Tothill , F. Toussenel , A. Tramacere , P. Travnicek , G. Tripodo , A. Trois , S. Truzzi , A. Tutone , L. Vaclavek , M. Vacula , P. Vallania , R. Vallés , C. van Eldik , J. van Scherpenberg , J. Vandenbroucke , V. Vassiliev , M. Vázquez Acosta , M. Vecchi , S. Ventura , S. Vercellone , G. Verna , A. Viana , N. Viaux , A. Vigliano , J. Vignatti , C. F. Vigorito , J. Villanueva , E. Visentin , V. Vitale , V. Vodeb , V. Voisin , V. Voitsekhovskyi , S. Vorobiov , G. Voutsinas , I. Vovk , T. Vuillaume , S. J. Wagner , R. Walter , M. White , R. White , A. Wierzcholska , M. Will , D. A. Williams , F. Wohlleben , A. Wolter , T. Yamamoto , L. Yang , T. Yoshida , T. Yoshikoshi , G. Zaharijas , L. Zampieri , R. Zanmar Sanchez , D. Zavrtanik , M. Zavrtanik , A. A. Zdziarski , A. Zech , W. Zhang , V. I. Zhdanov , K. Ziętara , M. Živec , J. Zuriaga-Puig

Iron cosmic rays represent the most abundant heavy nuclei at energies above 1 TeV, with their production thought to be primarily originated by astrophysical sources. Therefore, measuring the iron spectrum provides crucial insights into the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-21 M. Molero , S. Mangano , C. Delgado

Stereoscopic arrays of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes allow to reconstruct gamma-ray-induced showers in 3 dimensions, which offers several advantages: direct access to the shower parameters in space and straightforward…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-06-08 M. Naumann-Godó , M. Lemoine-Goumard , B. Degrange

In this article we review the progress made in understanding the main characteristics of coherent \v{C}erenkov radiation induced by high energy showers in dense media. A specific code developed for this purpose is described because it took…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-12 Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz , Enrique Zas

This talk is based on the Very High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy observations planned to be carried out at Pachmarhi in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh using the well known atmospheric \v Cerenkov technique. The development of a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. N. Bhat

The accurate measurement of the Cosmic Ray (CR) nuclear composition around and above the Knee (~ 10^15.5 eV) has been difficult due to uncertainties inherent to the measurement techniques and/or dependence on hadronic Monte Carlo simulation…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Douglas Bergman , John Krizmanic

The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Experiment is a second-generation highsensitivity gamma-ray and cosmic-ray detector that builds on the experience and technology of the Milagro observatory. Like Milagro, HAWC utilizes the water…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-16 Petra Huentemeyer , John A. J. Matthews , Brenda Dingus

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is planned to be the next generation ground based observatory for very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy. Gamma-rays provide a powerful insight into the non-thermal universe and hopefully a unique…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-28 Ciro Bigongiari

To search for ultra-high-energy photons in primary cosmic rays, air shower observables are needed that allow a good separation between primary photons and primary hadrons. We present a new observable, $F_\gamma$, which can be extracted from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-11-22 M. Niechciol , M. Risse , P. Ruehl , M. Settimo , P. W. Younk , A. Yushkov

Molecular clouds act as primary targets for cosmic-ray interactions and are expected to shine in gamma-rays as a by-product of these interactions. Indeed several detected gamma-ray sources both in HE and VHE gamma-rays (HE: 100 MeV < E <…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-12 G. Pedaletti , D. F. Torres , S. Gabici , E. de Oña Wilhelmi , D. Mazin , V. Stamatescu

The identification of gamma-ray induced air showers with Cherenkov telescopes suffers from contamination with a specific class of cosmic ray induced air showers. The predictions for this background show strong discrepancies between the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-03-25 Clara E. Leitgeb , Robert D. Parsons , Andrew Taylor , Kenneth Ragan , David Berge , Cigdem Issever

Monte Carlo simulations show that the pulse profile of Cherenkov photons measured near the core of an extensive air shower is sensitive to the secondary muon/electron ratio of the cascade. Cherenkov pulses can easily be measured with a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-04-04 M. D. Roberts

We present a macroscopic calculation of coherent electro-magnetic radiation from air showers initiated by ultra-high energy cosmic rays, based on currents obtained from three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations of air showers in a realistic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-03 Klaus Werner , Krijn D. De Vries , Olaf Scholten

The Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) works by imaging the very short flash of Cherenkov radiation generated by the cascade of relativistic charged particles produced when a TeV gamma ray strikes the atmosphere. This energetic…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 F. Krayzel , G. Maurin , L. Brunetti , J. -M. Dubois , A. Fiasson , L. Journet , G. Lamanna , T. Leflour , B. Lieunard , I. Monteiro , S. Rosier-Lees

High-energy particles hitting the upper atmosphere of the Earth produce extensive air showers that can be detected from the ground level using imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The images recorded by Cherenkov telescopes can be…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-24 Stanislav Polyakov , Alexander Kryukov , Andrey Demichev , Julia Dubenskaya , Elizaveta Gres , Anna Vlaskina

The possibility to use Cherenkov light measurements with Cherenkov telescope to study atmospheric processes is shown. Cherenkov light from extensive air showers is obtained using Monte Carlo simulations with CORSIKA code. Different…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2009-10-12 A. Mishev

Wide field-of-view gamma-ray observatories must fight the overwhelming cosmic ray background to identify very-high-energy astrophysical gamma-ray events. This work introduces a novel gamma/hadron discriminating variable, $LCm$, which…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-10-14 R. Conceição , L. Gibilisco , M. Pimenta , B. Tomé