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Accurate measurement of spatially variant noise in dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) images acquired using parallel imaging methods is problematic. We propose a new method based on the random matrix theory to accurately assess the noise…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-06-10 Yu Ding , Yiu-Cho Chung , Orlando P. Simonetti

We use the Landweber method for numerical simulations for the multiwave tomography problem with a reflecting boundary and compare it with the averaged time reversal method. We also analyze the rate of convergence and the dependence on the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-04-21 Plamen Stefanov , Yang Yang

Szapudi et al (2001) introduced the method of estimating angular power spectrum of the CMB sky via heuristically weighted correlation functions. Part of the new technique is that all (co)variances are evaluated by massive Monte Carlo…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 I. Szapudi , S. Prunet , S. Colombi

Motivated by recent developments in perturbative calculations of the nonlinear evolution of large-scale structure, we present an iterative algorithm to reconstruct the initial conditions in a given volume starting from the dark matter…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-01 Marcel Schmittfull , Tobias Baldauf , Matias Zaldarriaga

This paper investigates calibration of sensor arrays in the radio astronomy context. Current and future radio telescopes require computationally efficient algorithms to overcome the new technical challenges as large collecting area, wide…

Applications · Statistics 2018-07-31 Virginie Ollier , Mohammed Nabil El Korso , André Ferrari , Rémy Boyer , Pascal Larzabal

The interactive image segmentation algorithm can provide an intelligent ways to understand the intention of user input. Many interactive methods have the problem of that ask for large number of user input. To efficient produce intuitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-10 Xiaofeng Xie , ZhuLiang Yu , Zhenghui Gu , Yuanqing Li

We revisit the problem of exact CMB likelihood and power spectrum estimation with the goal of minimizing computational cost through linear compression. This idea was originally proposed for CMB purposes by Tegmark et al.\ (1997), and here…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-18 E. Gjerløw , L. P. L. Colombo , H. K. Eriksen , K. M. Górski , A. Gruppuso , J. B. Jewell , S. Plaszczynski , I. K. Wehus

The maximum likelihood (ML) and maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation techniques are widely used to address the direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation problems, an important topic in sensor array processing. Conventionally the ML estimators…

Applications · Statistics 2016-03-31 Xin Zhang , Mohammed Nabil El Korso , Marius Pesavento

It is widely believed that maximum likelihood estimators must be used to provide optimal estimates of power spectra. Since such estimators require require of order N_d^3 operations they are computationally prohibitive for N_d greater than a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 G. Efstathiou

We consider learning to optimize a classification metric defined by a black-box function of the confusion matrix. Such black-box learning settings are ubiquitous, for example, when the learner only has query access to the metric of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Gaurush Hiranandani , Jatin Mathur , Harikrishna Narasimhan , Mahdi Milani Fard , Oluwasanmi Koyejo

Weak gravitational lensing by intervening large-scale structure induces a distinct signature in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) that can be used to reconstruct the weak-lensing displacement map. Estimators for individual Fourier modes…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Michael Kesden , Asantha Cooray , Marc Kamionkowski

This paper presents a novel sequential estimator for the direction-of-arrival and polynomial coefficients of wideband polynomial-phase signals impinging on a sensor array. Addressing the computational challenges of Maximum-likelihood…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-31 Kaleb Debre , Tai Fei , Marius Pesavento

The confrontation of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) theoretical angular power spectrum with available data often requires the calculation of large numbers of power spectra. The standard practice is to use a fast code to compute the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Kris Sigurdson , Douglas Scott

This is a review paper on some of the physics, modeling, and iterative algorithms in proton computed tomography (pCT) image reconstruction. The primary challenge in pCT image reconstruction lies in the degraded spatial resolution resulting…

Medical Physics · Physics 2015-10-30 Scott Penfold , Yair Censor

We propose a new efficient iterative method for generating random correlated binary sequences with prescribed correlation function. The method is based on consecutive linear modulations of initially uncorrelated sequence into a correlated…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-06-19 O. V. Usatenko , S. S. Melnik , S. S. Apostolov , N. M. Makarov , A. A. Krokhin

We develop a classification algorithm for estimating posterior distributions from positive-unlabeled data, that is robust to noise in the positive labels and effective for high-dimensional data. In recent years, several algorithms have been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-02 Shantanu Jain , Martha White , Predrag Radivojac

This paper studies the problem of estimation from relative measurements in a graph, in which a vector indexed over the nodes has to be reconstructed from pairwise measurements of differences between its components associated to nodes…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-07-27 Chiara Ravazzi , Nelson P. K. Chan , Paolo Frasca

The spherically invariant random process (SIRP) clutter model is commonly used in scenarios where the radar clutter cannot be correctly modeled as a Gaussian process. In this short communication, we devise a novel Maximum-Likelihood…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-08 Bruno Mériaux , Xin Zhang , Mohammed Nabil El Korso , Marius Pesavento

Quantum tomography approaches typically consider a set of observables which we wish to measure, design a measurement scheme which measures each of the observables and then repeats the measurements as many times as necessary. We show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-28 Otto Veltheim , Esko Keski-Vakkuri

Forthcoming cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarized anisotropy experiments have the potential to revolutionize our understanding of the Universe and fundamental physics. The sought-after, tale-telling signatures will be however…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-12 Hamza El Bouhargani , Aygul Jamal , Dominic Beck , Josquin Errard , Laura Grigori , Radek Stompor