Related papers: Cosmic Velocities 2000: A Review
With cooling of the cosmological plasma during phase transitions in the early Universe vacuum condensates of quantum fields were produced with negative energy density. Probably these condensates have compensated the initial vacuum energy.…
Keeping in mind the current picture of an accelerating and flat Universe, some specific dynamical models of the cosmological term $\Lambda$ have been selected for investigating the nature of dark energy. Connecting the free parameters of…
By comparing the results of numerical microlensing simulations to the observed long-term variability of quasars, strong upper limits on the cosmological density of compact objects in the mass range 0.01 to 0.0001 solar masses may be…
Recent large-scale peculiar velocity surveys suggest that large matter volumes could be moving with appreciable velocity with respect to the CMB rest frame. If confirmed, such results could conflict with the Cosmological Principle according…
In a recent paper (Phys. Rev. D95, 103504 (2017)) it is argued that, due to the fluctuations around its mean value, vacuum energy gravitates differently from what previously assumed. As a consequence, the universe would accelerate with a…
An extended framework of gravity, in which the first Friedmann equation is satisfied up to some constant due to violation of gauge invariance, is tested against astrophysical data: Supernovae Type-Ia, Cosmic Chronometers, and Gamma-ray…
I show that three independent methods utilizing clusters of galaxies - cluster dynamics and mass-to-light ratio, baryon fraction in clusters, and cluster evolution - all indicate the same robust result: the mass-density of the universe is…
The expansion of our universe, when followed backward in time, implies that it emerged from a phase of huge density, the big bang. These stages are so extreme that classical general relativity combined with matter theories is not able to…
Analyses of peculiar velocity surveys face several challenges, including low signal--to--noise in individual velocity measurements and the presence of small--scale, nonlinear flows. I will present three new analyses that attempt to address…
As an alternative explanation for the cosmic acceleration, $f(R)$ theories of gravity can predict an almost identical expansion history to standard $\Lambda$CDM, yet make very different predictions for the growth of cosmological structures.…
We consider structure formation and CMB anisotropies in a closed universe, both with and without a cosmological constant. The CMB angular power spectrum and the matter transfer function are presented, along with a discussion of their…
The speed of light is usually taken as one of the fundamental constants. String, and field, theories appear to require the altercation of this constant into a functional form $E(m,c)$ which is not $E=mc^2$. The analysis requires the…
Our universe is observed to be accelerating due to the dominant dark energy with negative pressure. The dark energy equation of state (w) holds a key to understanding the ultimate fate of the universe. The cosmic voids behave like bubbles…
The cosmic acceleration is one of the most significant cosmological discoveries over the last century. The two categories of explanation are exotic component (dark energy) and modified gravity. We constrain the two types of model by a joint…
Cosmological peculiar velocities have traditionally been studied within the framework of Newtonian theory. Around the turn of the century, a few quasi-Newtonian analyses appeared in the literature, but led to equations and results identical…
This is an essay sketching the line of thinking which has led the present author to propose the constituent or atomic model of gravitation more than a decade ago. It turns out that viewing the problem of gravitation as a quantum many body…
By considering the stability of potential flow of a superfluid around large obstacles of size R, we derive an analytical result for the critical velocity which is of order v_c \sim \hbar / mR, scaling inversely with obstacle size, in…
We investigate the reality of large-scale streaming on scales of up to 150 Mpc using the peculiar motions of galaxies in three directions. New R-band CCD photometry and spectroscopy for elliptical galaxies is used. The Fundamental Plane…
Clusters of galaxies, the most massive virialized systems known, provide a powerful tool for studying the structure, the mass density, and the cosmology of our universe. Clusters furnish one of the best estimates of the dynamical mass…
The purpose of this short review is to describe cosmological models with a linear inhomogeneous time-dependent equation of state (EoS) for the dark energy, when the dark fluid is coupled with dark matter. This may lead to a bounce…