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Occultation and microlensing are different limits of the same phenomena of one body passing in front of another body. We derive a general exact analytic expression which describes both microlensing and occultation in the case of spherical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Eric Agol

In strong gravitational lensing, the multiple images we see correspond to light rays that leave the source in slightly different directions. If the source emission is anisotropic, the images may differ from conventional lensing predictions…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Rosalba Perna , Charles R. Keeton

We investigate the extended source size effects on gravitational lensing in which a lens consists of a smooth potential and small mass clumps (``substructure lensing''). We first consider a lens model that consists of a clump modeled as a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Kaiki Taro Inoue , Masashi Chiba

Microlensing studies are usually based on the lens equation that is valid only to the first order in the gravitational constant G and lens mass M. We consider corrections to the conventional lens equation in terms of differentiable…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-03-03 Hideki Asada

An extension of the input-output relation for a conventional Michelson interferometric gravitational-wave detector is carried out to treat an arbitrary coherent state for the injected optical beam. This extension is one of necessary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-18 Kouji Nakamura , Masa-Katsu Fujimoto

The strong galaxy-galaxy lensing produces highly magnified and distorted images of background galaxies in the form of arcs and Einstein rings. Statistically, these effects are quantified, for example, in the number counts of highly luminous…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-03-08 Vanessa P. de Freitas , Martin Makler , Habib S. Dúmet-Montoya

In this paper we study the light bending caused by a slowly rotating source in the context of quadratic theories of gravity, in which the Einstein--Hilbert action is extended by additional terms quadratic in the curvature tensors. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-15 Luca Buoninfante , Breno L. Giacchini

The $PT$-symmetric optical grating with index profile $e^{i\beta z}$ has been shown to have the interesting property of being essentially invisible for light incident from one side, while possessing greatly enhanced reflection at a…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-09 H. F. Jones , M. Kulishov

Score-based models can serve as expressive, data-driven priors for scientific inverse problems. In strong gravitational lensing, they enable posterior inference of a background galaxy from its distorted, multiply-imaged observation.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-10 Gabriel Missael Barco , Ronan Legin , Connor Stone , Yashar Hezaveh , Laurence Perreault-Levasseur

We extend to higher order a recently published method for calculating the deflection angle of light in a general static and spherically symmetric metric. Since the method is convergent we obtain very accurate analytical expressions that we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Paolo Amore , Santiago Arceo , Francisco Fernandez

Using the astrometry of microlensing events we study the effect of angular momentum as compared to that of the parallax. For a rotating lens it is shown that the effect of the angular momentum deviates the center of images from that in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Habib Ebrahimnejad Rahbari , Mohammad Nouri-Zonoz , Sohrab Rahvar

Most research on astrophysical lensing has been conducted using the geometric optics framework, where there exists a clear concept of lensing images. However, wave optics effects can be important for coherent sources, e.g. pulsars, fast…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-29 Xun Shi

We develop a non--perturbative method that yields analytical expressions for the deflection angle of light in a general static and spherically symmetric metric. It is an improvement on a method previously devised by the authors, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Paolo Amore , Mayra Cervantes , Arturo De Pace , Francisco M. Fernandez

Astronomical instruments generally possess spatially variant point-spread functions, which determine the amount by which an image pixel is blurred as a function of position. Several techniques have been devised to handle this variability in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Adam Rogers , Jason D. Fiege

Strong gravitational lensing offers a wealth of astrophysical information on the background source it affects, provided the lensed source can be reconstructed as if it was seen in the absence of lensing. In the present work, we illustrate…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-27 R. Joseph , F. Courbin , J. -L. Starck , S. Birrer

The bending of lightrays by the gravitational field of a ``lens'' that is moving relative to the observer is calculated within the approximation of weak fields, small angles and thin lenses. Up to first order in $v/c$ -- and assuming the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Simonetta Frittelli

Detection of quasi-monochromatic, long-duration (continuous) gravitational wave radiation emitted by, e.g., asymmetric rotating neutron stars in our Galaxy requires a long observation time to distinguish it from the detector's noise. If…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-29 Sudhagar Suyamprakasam , Sreekanth Harikumar , Paweł Ciecieląg , Przemysław Figura , Michał Bejger , Marek Biesiada

We prove a gravitational lensing theorem: the magnification of a source of uniform brightness by a foreground spherical lens is mu =1+pi(2R_E^2-R_L^2)/A, where A is the area of the source and R_E and R_L are the Einstein radius and size of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Eric Agol

Gravitational microlensing, when finite size source effects are relevant, provides an unique tool for the study of source star stellar atmospheres through an enhancement of a characteristic polarization signal. This is due to the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-11 G. Ingrosso , S. Calchi Novati , F. De Paolis , Ph. Jetzer , A. A. Nucita , F. Strafella , A. F. Zakharov

Gravitational lensing is the phenomenon arising when light rays are deflected by the mass between the source and the observer. Largely magnified and highly distorted images of background galaxies are formed by these angular deflections if…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-02 Atınç Çağan Şengül