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(Abridged) The formation of molecular clouds (MCs) from the diffuse interstellar gas appears to be a necessary step for star formation, as young stars invariably occur within them. However, the mechanisms controlling the formation of MCs…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-11-26 P. Hennebelle , M. -M. Mac Low , E. Vazquez-Semadeni

In the outskirts of the intracluster medium (ICM) in galaxy clusters, the temperature decreases with radius. Due to the weakly collisional nature of the plasma, these regions are susceptible to the magneto-thermal instability (MTI), which…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-23 Thomas Berlok , Eliot Quataert , Martin E. Pessah , Christoph Pfrommer

The streaming instability (SI), driven by aerodynamic coupling between solids and the gas under a global radial pressure gradient, concentrates solids and facilitates planetesimal formation. Unstratified simulations are commonly used to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-09 Jeonghoon Lim , Stanley A. Baronett , Jacob B. Simon , Chao-Chin Yang , Debanjan Sengupta , Orkan M. Umurhan , Wladimir Lyra

Using high-resolution, three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations, we investigate the structure of the interstellar medium in the central hundred pc region in galaxies, taking into account self-gravity of the gas, radiative cooling from…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Keiichi Wada

Galaxies' interstellar media (ISM) are observed to be supersonically-turbulent, but the ultimate power source that drives turbulent motion remains uncertain. The two dominant models are that the turbulence is driven by star formation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-03-23 Mark R. Krumholz , Blakesley Burkhart

Turbulence is ubiquitous in the interstellar medium (ISM) of the Milky Way and other spiral galaxies. The energy source for this turbulence has been much debated with many possible origins proposed. The universality of turbulence, its…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 D. Falceta-Goncalves , I. Bonnell , G. Kowal , J. Lepine , C. Braga

Thermal instability in an electron-ion magnetized plasma, which is relevant in the intragalactic medium (IGM) of galaxy clusters, solar corona, and other two-component plasma objects is investigated. We apply the multicomponent plasma…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-28 Anatoly K. Nekrasov

The streaming instability (SI) is a leading candidate for planetesimal formation, which can concentrate solids through two-way aerodynamic interactions with the gas. The resulting concentrations can become sufficiently dense to collapse…

We examine the settled particle layers of planet forming disks in which the streaming instability (SI) is thought to be either weak or inactive. A suite of low-to-moderate resolution three-dimensional simulations in a $0.2H$ sized box,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-18 Debanjan Sengupta , Orkan M. Umurhan

The streaming instability is a leading candidate mechanism to explain the formation of planetesimals. Yet, the role of this instability in the driving of turbulence in protoplanetary disks, given its fundamental nature as a linear…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-08 Urs Schäfer , Anders Johansen , Robi Banerjee

Magnetic fields are an important component of the interstellar medium (ISM) of galaxies. The thermal gas in the ISM has a multiphase structure, broadly divided into ionised, atomic, and molecular phases. The connection between the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-01 Amit Seta , N. M. McClure-Griffiths

We propose a model for the density statistics in supersonic turbulence, which play a crucial role in star-formation and the physics of the interstellar medium (ISM). Motivated by [Hopkins, MNRAS, 430, 1880 (2013)], the model considers the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-08-30 Jonathan Squire , Philip F. Hopkins

We simulate the multi-phase interstellar medium randomly heated and stirred by supernovae, with gravity, differential rotation and other parameters of the solar neighbourhood. Here we describe in detail both numerical and physical aspects…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2013-04-03 F. A. Gent , A. Shukurov , A. Fletcher , G. R. Sarson , M. J. Mantere

We use vertically-resolved numerical hydrodynamic simulations to study star formation and the interstellar medium (ISM) in galactic disks. We focus on outer disk regions where diffuse HI dominates, with gas surface densities Sigma_SFR=3-20…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-30 Chang-Goo Kim , Woong-Tae Kim , Eve C. Ostriker

We investigate the dynamics of interstellar dust particles in moderately high resolution ($512^3$ grid points) simulations of forced compressible transonic turbulence including self-gravity of the gas. Turbulence is induced by stochastic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-12-07 Lars Mattsson , Robert Hedvall

We studied the linear and nonlinear evolution of the Vertical Shear Instability (VSI) in axisymmetric models of protoplanetary disks, focusing on the transport of angular momentum, the produced temperature perturbations, and the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-19 Julio David Melon Fuksman , Mario Flock , Hubert Klahr

We study the interplay among cooling, heating, conduction, and magnetic fields in gravitationally stratified plasmas using simplified, plane-parallel numerical simulations. Since the physical heating mechanism remains uncertain in massive…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-12-05 Michael McCourt , Prateek Sharma , Eliot Quataert , Ian J. Parrish

The circumgalactic medium (CGM) plays a critical role in galaxy evolution, influencing gas flows, feedback processes, and galactic dynamics. Observations show a substantial cold gas reservoir in the CGM, but the mechanisms driving its…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-06-11 Matthias Weber , Timon Thomas , Christoph Pfrommer , Ruediger Pakmor

Large reservoirs of cold (~ 10^4 K) gas exist out to and beyond the virial radius in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of all types of galaxies. Photoionization modeling suggests that cold CGM gas has significantly lower densities than…

Both simulations and observations have shown that turbulence is a pervasive phenomenon in cosmic scenarios, yet it is particularly difficult to model numerically due to its intrinsically multiscale character which demands high resolutions.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-27 David Vallés-Pérez , Susana Planelles , Vicent Quilis