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This note is a survey of examples and results about cellular automata with the purpose of recalling that there is no 'universal' way of being computationally universal. In particular, we show how some cellular automata can embed efficient…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Guillaume Theyssier

We present a preliminary study of a new class of two-input cellular automata called eventually number-conserving cellular automata characterized by the property of evolving after a finite number of time steps to states whose number of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Nino Boccara

A cellular automaton is a parallel synchronous computing model, which consists in a juxtaposition of finite automata whose state evolves according to that of their neighbors. It induces a dynamical system on the set of configurations, i.e.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-08-25 Pierre Guillon , Gaétan Richard

Given a set of entities each holding a Boolean state, the Density Classification Task (DCT) asks them to converge to the most represented state. Given a directed graph of entities where each node synchronously updates to the local majority…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Kévin Perrot , Marius Rolland

The cellular automata with local permutation invariance are considered. We show that in the two-state case the set of such automata coincides with the generalized Game of Life family. We count the number of equivalence classes of the rules…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Vladimir V. Kornyak

We use recurrence equations (alias difference equations) to enumerate the number of formula-representations of positive integers using only addition and multiplication, and using addition, multiplication, and exponentiation, where all the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-06-25 Edinah K. Gnang , Doron Zeilberger

We study two common types of time-noncontinuous updates for one dimensional stochastic cellular automata with arbitrary nearest neighbor interactions and arbitrary open boundary conditions. We first construct the stationary states using the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-25 N. Rajewsky , M. Schreckenberg

Generalizing the motion representation we introduced for number-conserving rules, we give a systematic way to construct a generalized motion representation valid for non-conservative rules using the expression of the current, which appears…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2015-06-26 Nino Boccara , Henryk Fuks

Parametric density estimation, for example as Gaussian distribution, is the base of the field of statistics. Machine learning requires inexpensive estimation of much more complex densities, and the basic approach is relatively costly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Jarek Duda

Deciding formulas mixing arithmetic and uninterpreted predicates is of practical interest, notably for applications in verification. Some decision procedures consist in building by structural induction an automaton that recognizes the set…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Bernard Boigelot , Pascal Fontaine , Baptiste Vergain

We show that a large number of elementary cellular automata are computationally simple. This work is the first systematic classification of elementary cellular automata based on a formal notion of computational complexity. Thanks to the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-06-23 Pierre-Étienne Meunier

We study the rank one completion problem for tensors of arbitrary orders. The notion of rank one determinable tensors is introduced. We explore its properties and propose a recursive algorithm for computing rank one tensor completion. This…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Linghao Zhang , Ioana Dumitriu , Jiawang Nie

Given the limited performance of 2D cellular automata in terms of space when the number of documents increases and in terms of visualization clusters, our motivation was to experiment these cellular automata by increasing the size to view…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-11-27 Reda Mohamed Hamou , Abdelmalek Amine , Ahmed Chaouki Lokbani , Michel Simonet

The generic limit set of a cellular automaton is a topologically dened set of congurations that intends to capture the asymptotic behaviours while avoiding atypical ones. It was dened by Milnor then studied by Djenaoui and Guillon rst, and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Martin Delacourt

An important global property of a bit string is the number of ones in it. It has been found that the parity (odd or even) of this number can be found by a sequence of deterministic, translational invariant cellular automata with parallel…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2009-11-07 Hao Xu , K. M. Lee , H. F. Chau

Multispectral images acquired by satellites are used to study phenomena on the Earth's surface. Unsupervised classification techniques analyze multispectral image content without considering prior knowledge of the observed terrain; this is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Wuilian Torres , Antonio Rueda-Toicen

In this paper we introduce a new quantum computation model, the linear quantum cellular automaton. Well-formedness is an essential property for any quantum computing device since it enables us to define the probability of a configuration in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Christoph Durr , Huong LeThanh , Miklos Santha

We prove an explicit upper bound on the number of real quadratic fields that admit a universal quadratic form of a given rank, thus establishing a density zero statement. More generally, we obtain such a result for totally positive definite…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-23 Vitezslav Kala , Pavlo Yatsyna , Błażej Żmija

This study focuses on an extended model of a standard cellular automaton (CA) that includes an extra index consisting of a radius that defines a perception area for each cell in addition to the radius defined by the CA rule. Extended…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-12-22 Yoshihiko Kayama

The asymptotic behavior of a cellular automaton iterated on a random configuration is well described by its limit probability measure(s). In this paper, we characterize measures and sets of measures that can be reached as limit points after…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-04-08 Benjamin Hellouin de Menibus , Mathieu Sablik