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Creating noise from data is easy; creating data from noise is generative modeling. We present a stochastic differential equation (SDE) that smoothly transforms a complex data distribution to a known prior distribution by slowly injecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Yang Song , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein , Diederik P. Kingma , Abhishek Kumar , Stefano Ermon , Ben Poole

Distilled diffusion models accelerate image generation by reducing the number of denoising steps, but often suffer from degraded image quality. To mitigate this trade-off, test-time optimization methods improve quality, yet their iterative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Haewon Jeon , Si-Hyeon Lee

Stochastic differential equations (SDEs) are well suited to modelling noisy and irregularly sampled time series found in finance, physics, and machine learning. Traditional approaches require costly numerical solvers to sample between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Naoki Kiyohara , Edward Johns , Yingzhen Li

Diffusion models trained on noisy datasets often reproduce high-frequency training artifacts, significantly degrading generation quality. To address this, we propose SCoRe (Spectral Cutoff Regeneration), a training-free, generation-time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Yuta Matsuzaki , Seiichi Uchida , Shumpei Takezaki

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have garnered considerable attention owing to their ability to run on neuromorphic devices with super-high speeds and remarkable energy efficiencies. SNNs can be used in conventional neural network-based time-…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Ryo Watanabe , Yusuke Mukuta , Tatsuya Harada

This paper presents a new input format, channel-wise subband input (CWS), for convolutional neural networks (CNN) based music source separation (MSS) models in the frequency domain. We aim to address the major issues in CNN-based…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-10 Haohe Liu , Lei Xie , Jian Wu , Geng Yang

Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) is high-resolution lensless microscopy that has been applied to image a wide range of specimens using synchrotron radiation, X-ray free electron lasers, high harmonic generation, soft X-ray laser and…

Optics · Physics 2014-01-23 Jose A Rodriguez , Rui Xu , Chien-Chun Chen , Yunfei Zou , Jianwei Miao

Stepwise signals are ubiquitous in single-molecule detections, where abrupt changes in signal levels typically correspond to molecular conformational changes or state transitions. However, these features are inevitably obscured by noise,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Xingdi Tong , Chenyu Wen

The prevalent convolutional neural network (CNN) based image denoising methods extract features of images to restore the clean ground truth, achieving high denoising accuracy. However, these methods may ignore the underlying distribution of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Yang Liu , Saeed Anwar , Zhenyue Qin , Pan Ji , Sabrina Caldwell , Tom Gedeon

Learning unnormalized statistical models (e.g., energy-based models) is computationally challenging due to the complexity of handling the partition function. To eschew this complexity, noise-contrastive estimation~(NCE) has been proposed by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Wei Jiang , Jiayu Qin , Lingyu Wu , Changyou Chen , Tianbao Yang , Lijun Zhang

Deep learning-based joint source-channel coding (deep JSCC) has been demonstrated to be an effective approach for wireless image transmission. Nevertheless, most existing work adopts an autoencoder framework to optimize conventional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-25 Mingyu Yang , Bowen Liu , Boyang Wang , Hun-Seok Kim

Diffusion models have revolutionized image synthesis, setting new benchmarks in quality and creativity. However, their widespread adoption is hindered by the intensive computation required during the iterative denoising process.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Huanpeng Chu , Wei Wu , Chengjie Zang , Kun Yuan

We present a novel generative modeling method called diffusion normalizing flow based on stochastic differential equations (SDEs). The algorithm consists of two neural SDEs: a forward SDE that gradually adds noise to the data to transform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Qinsheng Zhang , Yongxin Chen

Recently, image compression codecs based on Neural Networks(NN) outperformed the state-of-art classic ones such as BPG, an image format based on HEVC intra. However, the typical NN codec has high complexity, and it has limited options for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-28 Panqi Jia , Ahmet Burakhan Koyuncu , Georgii Gaikov , Alexander Karabutov , Elena Alshina , Andre Kaup

With the great success of diffusion models in image generation, diffusion-based image compression is attracting increasing interests. However, due to the random noise introduced in the diffusion learning, they usually produce…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Zhenyu Du , Yanbo Gao , Shuai Li , Yiyang Li , Hui Yuan , Mao Ye

Convolutional neural network (CNN)-based image denoising methods have been widely studied recently, because of their high-speed processing capability and good visual quality. However, most of the existing CNN-based denoisers learn the image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-30 Rui Zhao , Kin-Man Lam , Daniel P. K. Lun

Computational color constancy that requires esti- mation of illuminant colors of images is a fundamental yet active problem in computer vision, which can be formulated into a regression problem. To learn a robust regressor for color…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-12 Yanlin Qian , Ke Chen , Joni-Kristian Kamarainen , Jarno Nikkanen , Jiri Matas

Efficient image transmission is essential for seamless communication and collaboration within the visually-driven digital landscape. To achieve low latency and high-quality image reconstruction over a bandwidth-constrained noisy wireless…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-03 Nan Li , Yansha Deng

Diffusion models (DM) can gradually learn to remove noise, which have been widely used in artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC) in recent years. The property of DM for eliminating noise leads us to wonder whether DM can be…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Tong Wu , Zhiyong Chen , Dazhi He , Liang Qian , Yin Xu , Meixia Tao , Wenjun Zhang

Diffusion sampling-based Plug-and-Play (PnP) methods produce images with high perceptual quality but often suffer from reduced data fidelity, primarily due to the noise introduced during reverse diffusion. To address this trade-off, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zhen Wang , Hongyi Liu , Jianing Li , Zhihui Wei