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Recently, a new paradigm called Differentiable Search Index (DSI) has been proposed for document retrieval, wherein a sequence-to-sequence model is learned to directly map queries to relevant document identifiers. The key idea behind DSI is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Yubao Tang , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Jiangui Chen , Zuowei Zhu , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Xueqi Cheng

Modern legislative frameworks, such as the Affordable Care Act (ACA), often involve complex webs of agencies, mandates, and interdependencies. Government issued charts attempt to depict these structures but are typically static, dense, and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Aadarsh Rajiv Patel , Klaus Mueller

The ability to understand and answer questions over documents can be useful in many business and practical applications. However, documents often contain lengthy and diverse multimodal contents such as texts, figures, and tables, which are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Yew Ken Chia , Liying Cheng , Hou Pong Chan , Chaoqun Liu , Maojia Song , Sharifah Mahani Aljunied , Soujanya Poria , Lidong Bing

With the acceleration of technological innovation efficient retrieval and classification of patent literature have become essential for intellectual property management and enterprise RD Traditional keyword and rulebased retrieval methods…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Yao Ding , Yuqing Wu , Ziyang Ding

Legal case retrieval aims to help legal workers find relevant cases related to their cases at hand, which is important for the guarantee of fairness and justice in legal judgments. While recent advances in neural retrieval methods have…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Weihang Su , Qingyao Ai , Yueyue Wu , Yixiao Ma , Haitao Li , Yiqun Liu , Zhijing Wu , Min Zhang

Legal case retrieval, which aims to retrieve relevant cases to a given query case, benefits judgment justice and attracts increasing attention. Unlike generic retrieval queries, legal case queries are typically long and the definition of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Youchao Zhou , Heyan Huang , Zhijing Wu

Existing medical RAG systems mainly leverage knowledge from medical knowledge bases, neglecting the crucial role of experiential knowledge derived from similar patient cases -- a key component of human clinical reasoning. To bridge this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yuxing Lu , Gecheng Fu , Wei Wu , Xukai Zhao , Sin Yee Goi , Jinzhuo Wang

Dense passage retrieval (DPR) models show great effectiveness gains in first stage retrieval for the web domain. However in the web domain we are in a setting with large amounts of training data and a query-to-passage or a query-to-document…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Sophia Althammer , Sebastian Hofstätter , Mete Sertkan , Suzan Verberne , Allan Hanbury

Multi-hop Question Answering (MHQA) aims to answer questions that require multi-step reasoning. It presents two key challenges: generating correct reasoning paths in response to the complex user queries, and accurately retrieving essential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yuqing Fu , Yimin Deng , Wanyu Wang , Yuhao Wang , Yejing Wang , Hongshi Liu , Yiqi Wang , Xiao Han , Maolin Wang , Guoshuai Zhao , Yi Chang , Xiangyu Zhao

Legal multi-label classification is a critical task for organizing and accessing the vast amount of legal documentation. Despite its importance, it faces challenges such as the complexity of legal language, intricate label dependencies, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Emily Johnson , Xavier Holt , Noah Wilson

Legal documents are unstructured, use legal jargon, and have considerable length, making them difficult to process automatically via conventional text processing techniques. A legal document processing system would benefit substantially if…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Vijit Malik , Rishabh Sanjay , Shouvik Kumar Guha , Angshuman Hazarika , Shubham Nigam , Arnab Bhattacharya , Ashutosh Modi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) couples a retriever with a large language model (LLM) to ground generated responses in external evidence. While this framework enhances factuality and domain adaptability, it faces a key bottleneck:…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Sherine George

We study leveraging adaptive retrieval to ensure sufficient "bridge" documents are retrieved for reasoning-intensive retrieval. Bridge documents are those that contribute to the reasoning process yet are not directly relevant to the initial…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Jongho Kim , Jaeyoung Kim , Seung-won Hwang , Jihyuk Kim , Yu Jin Kim , Moontae Lee

Multimodal document retrieval aims to retrieve query-relevant components from documents composed of textual, tabular, and visual elements. An effective multimodal retriever needs to handle two main challenges: (1) mitigate the effect of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Joohyung Yun , Doyup Lee , Wook-Shin Han

Document Understanding is a foundational AI capability with broad applications, and Document Question Answering (DocQA) is a key evaluation task. Traditional methods convert the document into text for processing by Large Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Xixi Wu , Yanchao Tan , Nan Hou , Ruiyang Zhang , Hong Cheng

Accurate multi-modal document retrieval is crucial for Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), yet existing benchmarks do not fully capture real-world challenges with their current design. We introduce REAL-MM-RAG, an automatically generated…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Navve Wasserman , Roi Pony , Oshri Naparstek , Adi Raz Goldfarb , Eli Schwartz , Udi Barzelay , Leonid Karlinsky

Large language models with billions of parameters, such as GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and LLaMA, are increasingly prevalent. Numerous studies have explored effective prompting techniques to harness the power of these LLMs for various research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Hai-Long Nguyen , Duc-Minh Nguyen , Tan-Minh Nguyen , Ha-Thanh Nguyen , Thi-Hai-Yen Vuong , Ken Satoh

Access to legal knowledge in India is often hindered by a lack of awareness, misinformation and limited accessibility to judicial resources. Many individuals struggle to navigate complex legal frameworks, leading to the frequent misuse of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Dnyanesh Panchal , Aaryan Gole , Vaibhav Narute , Raunak Joshi

Generative retrieval shed light on a new paradigm of document retrieval, aiming to directly generate the identifier of a relevant document for a query. While it takes advantage of bypassing the construction of auxiliary index structures,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Sunkyung Lee , Minjin Choi , Jongwuk Lee

We present the DEREK (Deep Extraction & Reasoning Engine for Knowledge) Module, a secure and scalable Retrieval-Augmented Generation pipeline designed specifically for enterprise document question answering. Designed and implemented by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Isaac Shi , Zeyuan Li , Fan Liu , Wenli Wang , Lewei He , Yang Yang , Tianyu Shi