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Understanding visual scenes is fundamental to human intelligence. While discriminative models have significantly advanced computer vision, they often struggle with compositional understanding. In contrast, recent generative text-to-image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yujin Jeong , Arnas Uselis , Seong Joon Oh , Anna Rohrbach

Diffusion models are one of the most important families of deep generative models. In this note, we derive a quantitative upper bound on the Wasserstein distance between the data-generating distribution and the distribution learned by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Sokhna Diarra Mbacke , Omar Rivasplata

Score-based diffusion models, while achieving remarkable empirical performance, often suffer from low sampling speed, due to extensive function evaluations needed during the sampling phase. Despite a flurry of recent activities towards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Gen Li , Yu Huang , Timofey Efimov , Yuting Wei , Yuejie Chi , Yuxin Chen

Diffusions are a successful technique to sample from high-dimensional distributions. The target distribution can be either explicitly given or learnt from a collection of samples. They implement a diffusion process whose endpoint is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Andrea Montanari

Score-based diffusion models are a highly effective method for generating samples from a distribution of images. We consider scenarios where the training data comes from a noisy version of the target distribution, and present an efficiently…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-30 Dennis Elbrächter , Giovanni S. Alberti , Matteo Santacesaria

Diffusion models often generate novel samples even when the learned score is only \emph{coarse} -- a phenomenon not accounted for by the standard view of diffusion training as density estimation. In this paper, we show that, under the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Zebang Shen , Ya-Ping Hsieh , Niao He

In this work, we investigate an intriguing and prevalent phenomenon of diffusion models which we term as "consistent model reproducibility": given the same starting noise input and a deterministic sampler, different diffusion models often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Huijie Zhang , Jinfan Zhou , Yifu Lu , Minzhe Guo , Peng Wang , Liyue Shen , Qing Qu

We present a concise derivation for several influential score-based diffusion models that relies on only a few textbook results. Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful tools for generating realistic, synthetic signals --…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Chicago Y. Park , Michael T. McCann , Cristina Garcia-Cardona , Brendt Wohlberg , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

Diffusion models are gaining widespread use in cutting-edge image, video, and audio generation. Score-based diffusion models stand out among these methods, necessitating the estimation of score function of the input data distribution. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Fangzhao Zhang , Mert Pilanci

Diffusion models have shown incredible capabilities as generative models; indeed, they power the current state-of-the-art models on text-conditioned image generation such as Imagen and DALL-E 2. In this work we review, demystify, and unify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Calvin Luo

Diffusion generative models have emerged as powerful tools for producing synthetic data from an empirically observed distribution. A common approach involves simulating the time-reversal of an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) process initialized at…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-02 Valentin de Bortoli , Romuald Elie , Anna Kazeykina , Zhenjie Ren , Jiacheng Zhang

Machine learning models struggle with generalization when encountering out-of-distribution (OOD) samples with unexpected distribution shifts. For vision tasks, recent studies have shown that test-time adaptation employing diffusion models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Yun-Yun Tsai , Fu-Chen Chen , Albert Y. C. Chen , Junfeng Yang , Che-Chun Su , Min Sun , Cheng-Hao Kuo

The reconstruction of unsteady flow fields from limited measurements is a challenging and crucial task for many engineering applications. Machine learning models are gaining popularity for solving this problem due to their ability to learn…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-09 Marc Amorós-Trepat , Luis Medrano-Navarro , Qiang Liu , Luca Guastoni , Nils Thuerey

Diffusion-based generative models (DBGMs) perturb data to a target noise distribution and reverse this process to generate samples. The choice of noising process, or inference diffusion process, affects both likelihoods and sample quality.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Raghav Singhal , Mark Goldstein , Rajesh Ranganath

Diffusion models are a new class of generative models that revolve around the estimation of the score function associated with a stochastic differential equation. Subsequent to its acquisition, the approximated score function is then…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-13 Giovanni Conforti , Alain Durmus , Marta Gentiloni Silveri

Score-based models have achieved remarkable results in the generative modeling of many domains. By learning the gradient of smoothed data distribution, they can iteratively generate samples from complex distribution e.g. natural images.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Binxu Wang , John J. Vastola

Generative models based on diffusion have become the state of the art in the last few years, notably for image generation. Here, we analyse them in the high-dimensional limit, where data are formed by a very large number of variables. We…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-10-31 Giulio Biroli , Marc Mézard

Diffusion models have become a leading method for generative modeling of both image and scientific data. As these models are costly to train and \emph{evaluate}, reducing the inference cost for diffusion models remains a major goal.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Haoxuan Chen , Yinuo Ren , Lexing Ying , Grant M. Rotskoff

Recent advances in diffusion models have demonstrated their remarkable ability to capture complex image distributions, but the geometric properties of the learned data manifold remain poorly understood. We address this gap by introducing a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Simone Azeglio , Arianna Di Bernardo

In this paper, we explore provable acceleration of diffusion models without any additional retraining. Focusing on the task of approximating a target data distribution in $\mathbb{R}^d$ to within $\varepsilon$ total-variation distance, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Gen Li , Yuchen Zhou , Yuting Wei , Yuxin Chen
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