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While recent research has explored AI tools' ability to classify the quality of mathematical tasks (arXiv:2603.03512), little is known about their capacity to increase the quality of existing tasks. This study investigated whether AI tools…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Danielle S. Fox , Brenda L. Robles , Elizabeth DiPietro Brovey , Christian D. Schunn

Teachers face increasing demands on their time, particularly in adapting mathematics curricula to meet individual student needs while maintaining cognitive rigor. This study evaluates whether AI tools can accurately classify the cognitive…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Danielle S. Fox , Brenda L. Robles , Elizabeth DiPietro Brovey , Christian D. Schunn

GPT-3 can perform numerous tasks when provided a natural language prompt that contains a few training examples. We show that this type of few-shot learning can be unstable: the choice of prompt format, training examples, and even the order…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Tony Z. Zhao , Eric Wallace , Shi Feng , Dan Klein , Sameer Singh

The rise of Generative AI (GenAI) tools, such as ChatGPT, has transformed how students access and engage with information, raising questions about their impact on learning outcomes and retention. This study investigates how GenAI (ChatGPT),…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Mahir Akgun , Sacip Toker

Few-shot classification has made great strides due to foundation models that, through priming and prompting, are highly effective few-shot learners. However, this approach has high variance both across different sets of few shots (data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Abdullatif Köksal , Timo Schick , Hinrich Schütze

The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools such as ChatGPT has intensified interest in their role in higher education, particularly in how students perceive and use them and how these perceptions may relate to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Seyma Yaman Kayadibi

Generative AI's rapid advancement sparks interest in its cognitive abilities, especially given its capacity for tasks like language understanding and code generation. This study explores how several recent GenAI models perform on the Clock…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Isaac R. Galatzer-Levy , Jed McGiffin , David Munday , Xin Liu , Danny Karmon , Ilia Labzovsky , Rivka Moroshko , Amir Zait , Daniel McDuff

As generative AI systems rapidly improve, a key question emerges: how do users adapt to these changes, and when does such adaptation matter for realizing performance gains? Drawing on theories of dynamic capabilities and IT complements, we…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Eaman Jahani , Benjamin S. Manning , Joe Zhang , Hong-Yi TuYe , Mohammed Alsobay , Christos Nicolaides , Siddharth Suri , David Holtz

The developments in Generative AI technologies have paved the way for numerous innovations in different fields. Recently, Generative AI has been proposed as a competitor to AES systems in evaluating student essays automatically. Considering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Enis Oğuz

How much have students' ordinary learning processes shifted in response to generative AI, and how does that affect their durable learning outcomes? Self-report surveys show little change, while small-scale behavioral studies report…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Sina Rismanchian , Hasan Uzun , Jeffrey Matayoshi , Eric Cosyn , Eyad Kurd-Misto

This study examines the role of AI-assisted pretesting in enhancing learning outcomes, particularly when integrated with generative AI tools like ChatGPT. Pretesting, a learning strategy in which students attempt to answer questions or…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Mahir Akgun , Sacip Toker

Generative AI (GAI) tools have seen rapid adoption in educational settings, yet their role in fostering critical thinking remains underexplored. While previous studies have examined GAI as a tutor for specific lessons or as a tool for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-10 W. F. Lamberti , S. R. Lawrence , D. White , S. Kim , S. Abdullah

Language models (LMs) have shown impressive performance on tasks within their training distribution, but often struggle with structurally novel tasks even when given a small number of in-context task examples. We investigate the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Ekin Akyürek , Mehul Damani , Adam Zweiger , Linlu Qiu , Han Guo , Jyothish Pari , Yoon Kim , Jacob Andreas

The proliferation of generative AI tools has rendered traditional modular assessments in computing and data-centric education increasingly ineffective, creating a disconnect between academic evaluation and authentic skill measurement. This…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Kaihua Ding

Generative AI systems such as ChatGPT have a disruptive effect on learning and assessment. Computer science requires practice to develop skills in problem solving and programming that are traditionally developed using assignments.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Kevin Wang , Seth Akins , Abdallah Mohammed , Ramon Lawrence

Few-shot prompting has emerged as a practical alternative to fine-tuning for leveraging the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in specialized tasks. However, its effectiveness depends heavily on the selection and quality of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Fouad Trad , Ali Chehab

This workshop paper presents a critical examination of the integration of Generative AI (Gen AI) into the academic writing process, focusing on the use of AI as a collaborative tool. It contrasts the performance and interaction of two AI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Joseph Tu , Hilda Hadan , Derrick M. Wang , Sabrina A Sgandurra , Reza Hadi Mogavi , Lennart E. Nacke

A particularly successful class of approaches for few-shot learning combines language models with prompts -- hand-crafted task descriptions that complement data samples. However, designing prompts by hand for each task commonly requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Rami Aly , Xingjian Shi , Kaixiang Lin , Aston Zhang , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Question-answering (QA) tasks often investigate specific question types, knowledge domains, or reasoning skills, leading to specialized models catering to specific categories of QA tasks. While recent research has explored the idea of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Srijan Bansal , Semih Yavuz , Bo Pang , Meghana Bhat , Yingbo Zhou

Recently introduced language model prompting methods can achieve high accuracy in zero- and few-shot settings while requiring few to no learned task-specific parameters. Nevertheless, these methods still often trail behind full model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Zhaofeng Wu , Robert L. Logan , Pete Walsh , Akshita Bhagia , Dirk Groeneveld , Sameer Singh , Iz Beltagy
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