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In this paper, we apply the deterministic quantum imaginary time evolution (QITE) algorithm to obtain the ground state of a $2+1$-dimensional pure $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory. We first construct the set of Pauli operators commuting…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2026-04-29 Minoru Sekiyama , Lento Nagano

A zero-site density matrix renormalization algorithm (DMRG0) is proposed to minimize the energy of matrix product states (MPS). Instead of the site tensors themselves, we propose to optimize sequentially the "message" tensors between…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-07-22 Yuriel Núñez-Fernández , Gonzalo Torroba

Devising schemes for testing the amount of entanglement in quantum systems has played a crucial role in quantum computing and information theory. Here, we study the problem of testing whether an unknown state $|\psi\rangle$ is a matrix…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-07 Mehdi Soleimanifar , John Wright

While general quantum many-body systems require exponential resources to be simulated on a classical computer, systems of non-interacting fermions can be simulated exactly using polynomially scaling resources. Such systems may be of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-12-18 Norbert Schuch , Bela Bauer

Simulating quantum many-body systems (QMBS) is one of the long-standing, highly non-trivial challenges in condensed matter physics and quantum information due to the exponentially growing size of the system's Hilbert space. To date, tensor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-06 Belal Abouraya , Jirawat Saiphet , Fedor Jelezko , Ressa S. Said

We develop a density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) algorithm for the simulation of quantum circuits. This algorithm can be seen as the extension of time-dependent DMRG from the usual situation of hermitian Hamiltonian matrices to…

A matrix product state formulation of the multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree (MPS-MCTDH) theory is presented. The Hilbert space that is spanned by the direct products of the phonon degree of freedoms, which is linearly parameterized…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-11-26 Yuki Kurashige

Sampling problems have emerged as a central avenue for demonstrating quantum advantage on noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. However, physical noise can fundamentally alter their computational complexity, often making them…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Sojeong Park , Changhun Oh

(Please refer to arXiv:1810.08050, which has completely different aims but contains all the main contents of this paper) In this work, we propose to access the information of criticality and excitations of one-dimensional quantum systems by…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-10-22 Emanuele Tirrito , Luca Tagliacozzo , Maciej Lewenstein , Shi-Ju Ran

The DMRG method is very effective at finding ground states of 1D quantum systems in practice, but it is a heuristic method, and there is no known proof for when it works. In this paper we describe an efficient classical algorithm which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-07-20 Dorit Aharonov , Itai Arad , Sandy Irani

An energy gap develops near quantum critical point of quantum phase transition in a finite many-body (MB) system, facilitating the ground state transformation by adiabatic parameter change. In real application scenarios, however, the…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2021-02-17 Shuai-Feng Guo , Feng Chen , Qi Liu , Ming Xue , Jun-Jie Chen , Jia-Hao Cao , Tian-Wei Mao , Meng Khoon Tey , Li You

In this paper we give an introduction to the numerical density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) algorithm, from the perspective of the more general matrix product state (MPS) formulation. We cover in detail the differences between the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-13 Ian P. McCulloch

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) algorithm, as applied to finding the ground state of a Hamiltonian, is particularly well-suited for deployment on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Here we utilize the VQE algorithm…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-28 Younes Javanmard , Ugne Liaubaite , Tobias J. Osborne , Xusheng Xu , Man-Hong Yung

The dynamics of one-dimensional quantum many-body systems is often numerically simulated with matrix-product states (MPSs). The computational complexity of MPS methods is known to be related to the growth of entropies of reduced density…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-08 Guillermo Preisser , David Wellnitz , Thomas Botzung , Johannes Schachenmayer

We determine the computational difficulty of finding ground states of one-dimensional (1D) Hamiltonians which are known to be Matrix Product States (MPS). To this end, we construct a class of 1D frustration free Hamiltonians with unique MPS…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Norbert Schuch , Ignacio Cirac , Frank Verstraete

Quantum state preparation involving a uniform superposition over a non-empty subset of $n$-qubit computational basis states is an important and challenging step in many quantum computation algorithms and applications. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-20 Alok Shukla , Prakash Vedula

The truncation or compression of the spectrum of Schmidt values is inherent to the matrix product state (MPS) approximation of one-dimensional quantum ground states. We provide a renormalization group picture by interpreting this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-23 Matthias Bal , Marek M. Rams , Valentin Zauner , Jutho Haegeman , Frank Verstraete

Tensor networks establish an adaptable framework for the emulation of quantum circuits. By partitioning exponentially large registers and gates into smaller tensors, this unlocks fast transformations through tensor algebra, and grants fine…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Jakub Adamski , Oliver Thomson Brown

A generic method to investigate many-body continuous-variable systems is pedagogically presented. It is based on the notion of matrix product states (so-called MPS) and the algorithms thereof. The method is quite versatile and can be…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-05-29 S. Iblisdir , R. Orus , J. I. Latorre

We prove classical simulation hardness, under the generalized $\mathsf{P}\neq\mathsf{NP}$ conjecture, for quantum circuit families with applications in near-term chemical ground state estimation. The proof exploits a connection to particle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-06 Oskar Leimkuhler , K. Birgitta Whaley