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Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown outstanding performance across a variety of tasks, partly due to advanced prompting techniques. However, these techniques often require lengthy prompts, which increase computational costs and can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Jinwu Hu , Wei Zhang , Yufeng Wang , Yu Hu , Bin Xiao , Mingkui Tan , Qing Du

Scaling laws enable the optimal selection of data amount and language model size, yet the impact of the data unit, the token, on this relationship remains underexplored. In this work, we systematically investigate how the information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Tomasz Limisiewicz , Artidoro Pagnoni , Srini Iyer , Mike Lewis , Sachin Mehta , Alisa Liu , Margaret Li , Gargi Ghosh , Luke Zettlemoyer

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as GPT and LLaMA, introduce unique memory access characteristics during inference due to frequent token sequence lookups and embedding vector retrievals. These workloads generate highly irregular and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Songze Liu , Hongkun Du , Shaowen Wang

Brain-inspired hyperdimensional computing (HDC) has been recently considered a promising learning approach for resource-constrained devices. However, existing approaches use static encoders that are never updated during the learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Junyao Wang , Sitao Huang , Mohsen Imani

Clustering analysis is of substantial significance for data mining. The properties of big data raise higher demand for more efficient and economical distributed clustering methods. However, existing distributed clustering methods mainly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Yifeng Xiao , Jiang Xue , Deyu Meng

Large Language Models (LLMs) apply uniform computation to all tokens, despite language exhibiting highly non-uniform information density. This token-uniform regime wastes capacity on locally predictable spans while under-allocating…

Data quantization learns encoding results of data with certain requirements, and provides a broad perspective of many real-world applications to data handling. Nevertheless, the results of encoder is usually limited to multivariate inputs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-29 Miao Cheng , Ah Chung Tsoi

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized numerous applications, yet their deployment remains challenged by memory constraints on local devices. While scaling laws have enhanced LLM capabilities, the primary bottleneck has shifted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Xinghao Wang , Pengyu Wang , Bo Wang , Dong Zhang , Yunhua Zhou , Xipeng Qiu

Effective training of today's large language models (LLMs) depends on large batches and long sequences for throughput and accuracy. To handle variable-length sequences on hardware accelerators, it is common practice to introduce padding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Mario Michael Krell , Matej Kosec , Sergio P. Perez , Andrew Fitzgibbon

Providing extensive context via prompting is vital for leveraging the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, lengthy contexts significantly increase inference latency, as the computational cost of self-attention grows…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Guojie Liu , Yiqi Wang , Yanfeng Yang , Wenqi Fan , Songlei Jian , Jianfeng Zhang , Jie Yu

Tokenization is associated with many poorly understood shortcomings in language models (LMs), yet remains an important component for long sequence scaling purposes. This work studies how tokenization impacts model performance by analyzing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Buu Phan , Brandon Amos , Itai Gat , Marton Havasi , Matthew Muckley , Karen Ullrich

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning improves performance on complex tasks but introduces significant inference latency due to verbosity. We propose Multiround Adaptive Chain-of-Thought Compression (MACC), a framework that leverages the token…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Jianzhi Yan , Le Liu , Youcheng Pan , Shiwei Chen , Zike Yuan , Yang Xiang , Buzhou Tang

3D dynamic point cloud (DPC) compression relies on mining its temporal context, which faces significant challenges due to DPC's sparsity and non-uniform structure. Existing methods are limited in capturing sufficient temporal dependencies.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Shuting Xia , Tingyu Fan , Yiling Xu , Jenq-Neng Hwang , Zhu Li

Dynamic point cloud compression (DPCC) is crucial in applications like autonomous driving and AR/VR. Current compression methods face challenges with complexity management and rate control. This paper introduces a novel dynamic coding…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Chenhao Zhang , Wei Gao

The increasing complexity of large language models (LLMs) necessitates efficient training strategies to mitigate the high computational costs associated with distributed training. A significant bottleneck in this process is gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Igor Polyakov , Alexey Dukhanov , Egor Spirin

Varying-size models are often required to deploy ASR systems under different hardware and/or application constraints such as memory and latency. To avoid redundant training and optimization efforts for individual models of different sizes,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-30 Jingjing Xu , Wei Zhou , Zijian Yang , Eugen Beck , Ralf Schlueter

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated substantial value in unified text-image understanding and reasoning, primarily by converting images into sequences of patch-level tokens that align with their architectural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xinliang Zhang , Lei Zhu , Hangzhou He , Shuang Zeng , Ourui Fu , Jiakui Hu , Zhengjian Yao , Yanye Lu

Data-free quantization is a task that compresses the neural network to low bit-width without access to original training data. Most existing data-free quantization methods cause severe performance degradation due to inaccurate activation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Yefei He , Luoming Zhang , Weijia Wu , Hong Zhou

Chunking has emerged as a critical technique that enhances generative models by grounding their responses in efficiently segmented knowledge [1]. While initially developed for unimodal (primarily textual) domains, recent advances in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Shashanka B R , Mohith Charan R , Seema Banu F

Action chunking emerged as a pivotal technique in imitation learning, enabling policies to predict cohesive action sequences rather than single actions. Recently, this approach has expanded to reinforcement learning (RL), enhancing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yongjae Shin , Jongseong Chae , Seongmin Kim , Jongeui Park , Youngchul Sung