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Many information retrieval tasks require large labeled datasets for fine-tuning. However, such datasets are often unavailable, and their utility for real-world applications can diminish quickly due to domain shifts. To address this…

In real-world applications, the sample distribution at the inference stage often differs from the one at the training stage, causing performance degradation of trained deep models. The research on domain generalization (DG) aims to develop…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Jiao Zhang , Jian Xu , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu

Efficient multimodal large language models (EMLLMs), in contrast to multimodal large language models (MLLMs), reduce model size and computational costs and are often deployed on resource-constrained devices. However, due to data privacy…

A practical shortcoming of deep neural networks is their specialization to a single task and domain. While recent techniques in domain adaptation and multi-domain learning enable the learning of more domain-agnostic features, their success…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Lucas Deecke , Timothy Hospedales , Hakan Bilen

Existing techniques to adapt semantic segmentation networks across the source and target domains within deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) deal with all the samples from the two domains in a global or category-aware manner. They do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Minsu Kim , Sunghun Joung , Seungryong Kim , JungIn Park , Ig-Jae Kim , Kwanghoon Sohn

In information retrieval (IR), domain adaptation is the process of adapting a retrieval model to a new domain whose data distribution is different from the source domain. Existing methods in this area focus on unsupervised domain adaptation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Helia Hashemi , Yong Zhuang , Sachith Sri Ram Kothur , Srivas Prasad , Edgar Meij , W. Bruce Croft

We study whether Large Language Models (LLMs) inherently capture domain-specific nuances in natural language. Our experiments probe the domain sensitivity of LLMs by examining their ability to distinguish queries from different domains…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) often underperform in real-world, dynamic settings where data distributions change over time. Domain Incremental Learning (DIL) offers a solution by enabling continual model adaptation, with Parameter-Isolation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Qiang Wang , Xiang Song , Yuhang He , Jizhou Han , Chenhao Ding , Xinyuan Gao , Yihong Gong

The lack of out-of-domain generalization is a critical weakness of deep networks for semantic segmentation. Previous studies relied on the assumption of a static model, i. e., once the training process is complete, model parameters remain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Sherwin Bahmani , Oliver Hahn , Eduard Zamfir , Nikita Araslanov , Daniel Cremers , Stefan Roth

Large language models (LLMs) excel in open domains but struggle in specialized settings with limited data and evolving knowledge. Existing domain adaptation practices rely heavily on manual trial-and-error processes, incur significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Sidharth Sinha , Anson Bastos , Xuchao Zhang , Akshay Nambi , Chetan Bansal , Saravan Rajmohan

This paper examines the specialization of Small Language Models (SLMs) with up to 4 billion parameters for generating artifacts in domain-specific languages (DSL). Kubernetes manifests are chosen as the target domain. We propose the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Andrey Kozachok , Anatoliy Bakaev , Aleksandr Kozachok , Shamil Magomedov , Artem Noev

Domain adaptation (DA) enables knowledge transfer from a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain by reducing the cross-domain distribution discrepancy. Most prior DA approaches leverage complicated and powerful deep neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Shuang Li , Jinming Zhang , Wenxuan Ma , Chi Harold Liu , Wei Li

Training deep networks for semantic segmentation requires annotation of large amounts of data, which can be time-consuming and expensive. Unfortunately, these trained networks still generalize poorly when tested in domains not consistent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Kashyap Chitta , Jianwei Feng , Martial Hebert

Domain generalization (DG), aiming to make models work on unseen domains, is a surefire way toward general artificial intelligence. Limited by the scale and diversity of current DG datasets, it is difficult for existing methods to scale to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Hongjing Niu , Hanting Li , Feng Zhao , Bin Li

Natural language processing (NLP) algorithms are rapidly improving but often struggle when applied to out-of-distribution examples. A prominent approach to mitigate the domain gap is domain adaptation, where a model trained on a source…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Eyal Ben-David , Yftah Ziser , Roi Reichart

Domain generalization aims to learn a generalization model that can perform well on unseen test domains by only training on limited source domains. However, existing domain generalization approaches often bring in prediction-irrelevant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Chia-Yuan Chang , Yu-Neng Chuang , Guanchu Wang , Mengnan Du , Na Zou

The notion of "in-domain data" in NLP is often over-simplistic and vague, as textual data varies in many nuanced linguistic aspects such as topic, style or level of formality. In addition, domain labels are many times unavailable, making it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Roee Aharoni , Yoav Goldberg

Deep learning has revolutionized neuroimage analysis by delivering unprecedented speed and accuracy. However, the narrow scope of many training datasets constrains model robustness and generalizability. This challenge is particularly acute…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-08 Malte Hoffmann

Despite the growing prevalence of large language models (LLMs) in domain-specific applications, the challenge of query understanding in the automotive sector still remains underexplored. This domain presents unique complexities due to its…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Isha Motiyani , Abhishek Kumar , Tilak Kasturi

Cross-domain synthesizing realistic faces to learn deep models has attracted increasing attention for facial expression analysis as it helps to improve the performance of expression recognition accuracy despite having small number of real…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Behzad Bozorgtabar , Mohammad Saeed Rad , Hazim Kemal Ekenel , Jean-Philippe Thiran