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Suppose we have a sample of instances paired with binary labels corrupted by arbitrary instance- and label-dependent noise. With sufficiently many such samples, can we optimally classify and rank instances with respect to the noise-free…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-05 Aditya Krishna Menon , Brendan van Rooyen , Nagarajan Natarajan

Generative neural conversational systems are generally trained with the objective of minimizing the entropy loss between the training "hard" targets and the predicted logits. Often, performance gains and improved generalization can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Sougata Saha , Souvik Das , Rohini Srihari

Recent studies highlight that deep learning models often learn spurious features mistakenly linked to labels, compromising their reliability in real-world scenarios where such correlations do not hold. Despite the increasing research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Xiwei Xuan , Ziquan Deng , Hsuan-Tien Lin , Kwan-Liu Ma

Annotation pipelines in Natural Language Processing (NLP) commonly assume a single latent ground truth per instance and resolve disagreement through label aggregation. Perspectivist approaches challenge this view by treating disagreement as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Olga Kellert , Sriya Kondury , Candice Koo , Nemika Tyagi , Steffen Eikenberry

Everyone makes mistakes. So do human annotators when curating labels for named entity recognition (NER). Such label mistakes might hurt model training and interfere model comparison. In this study, we dive deep into one of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Zihan Wang , Jingbo Shang , Liyuan Liu , Lihao Lu , Jiacheng Liu , Jiawei Han

Recent studies in deep learning have shown significant progress in named entity recognition (NER). Most existing works assume clean data annotation, yet a fundamental challenge in real-world scenarios is the large amount of noise from a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Kun Liu , Yao Fu , Chuanqi Tan , Mosha Chen , Ningyu Zhang , Songfang Huang , Sheng Gao

High-quality pixel-level annotations are essential for the semantic segmentation of remote sensing imagery. However, such labels are expensive to obtain and often affected by noise due to the labor-intensive and time-consuming nature of…

Often when multiple labels are obtained for a training example it is assumed that there is an element of noise that must be accounted for. It has been shown that this disagreement can be considered signal instead of noise. In this work we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-28 John P. Lalor , Hao Wu , Hong Yu

In the recent past, a popular way of evaluating natural language understanding (NLU), was to consider a model's ability to perform natural language inference (NLI) tasks. In this paper, we investigate if NLI tasks, that are rarely used for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Lovish Madaan , David Esiobu , Pontus Stenetorp , Barbara Plank , Dieuwke Hupkes

The reliability of supervised machine learning systems depends on the accuracy and availability of ground truth labels. However, the process of human annotation, being prone to error, introduces the potential for noisy labels, which can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 David Tschirschwitz , Christian Benz , Morris Florek , Henrik Norderhus , Benno Stein , Volker Rodehorst

Automatic annotation of large-scale datasets can introduce noisy training data labels, which adversely affect the learning process of deep neural networks (DNNs). Consequently, Noisy Labels Learning (NLL) has become a critical research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Maria Marrium , Arif Mahmood , Mohammed Bennamoun

In supervised classification tasks, models are trained to predict a label for each data point. In real-world datasets, these labels are often noisy due to annotation errors. While the impact of label noise on the performance of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Ali Hussaini Umar , Franky Kevin Nando Tezoh , Jean Barbier , Santiago Acevedo , Alessandro Laio

Partial multi-label learning and complementary multi-label learning are two popular weakly supervised multi-label classification paradigms that aim to alleviate the high annotation costs of collecting precisely annotated multi-label data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Wei Wang , Tianhao Ma , Ming-Kun Xie , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Noise transition matrix (NTM) estimation is a promising approach for learning with label noise. It can infer clean posterior probabilities, known as Label Distribution (LD), based on noisy ones and reduce the impact of noisy labels.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Zehui Liao , Shishuai Hu , Yutong Xie , Yong Xia

Deep learning faces a formidable challenge when handling noisy labels, as models tend to overfit samples affected by label noise. This challenge is further compounded by the presence of instance-dependent noise (IDN), a realistic form of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Arpit Garg , Cuong Nguyen , Rafael Felix , Thanh-Toan Do , Gustavo Carneiro

Noisy Labels are commonly present in data sets automatically collected from the internet, mislabeled by non-specialist annotators, or even specialists in a challenging task, such as in the medical field. Although deep learning models have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Filipe R. Cordeiro , Gustavo Carneiro

Segmentation uncertainty models predict a distribution over plausible segmentations for a given input, which they learn from the annotator variation in the training set. However, in practice these annotations can differ systematically in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Kilian Zepf , Eike Petersen , Jes Frellsen , Aasa Feragen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capability to generalize across a large number of NLP tasks. For industry applications, it is imperative to assess the performance of the LLM on unlabeled production data from time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Wei Du , Laksh Advani , Yashmeet Gambhir , Daniel J Perry , Prashant Shiralkar , Zhengzheng Xing , Aaron Colak

Imperfections in data annotation, known as label noise, are detrimental to the training of machine learning models and have an often-overlooked confounding effect on the assessment of model performance. Nevertheless, employing experts to…

We present the results of our system for the CoMeDi Shared Task, which predicts majority votes (Subtask 1) and annotator disagreements (Subtask 2). Our approach combines model ensemble strategies with MLP-based and threshold-based methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zhu Liu , Zhen Hu , Ying Liu