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Recent advancements in reinforcement learning (RL) have led to remarkable achievements in robot locomotion capabilities. However, the complexity and ``black-box'' nature of neural network-based RL policies hinder their interpretability and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Fernando Acero , Zhibin Li

As language models become increasingly capable, users expect them to provide not only accurate responses but also behaviors aligned with diverse human preferences across a variety of scenarios. To achieve this, Reinforcement learning (RL)…

Reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved tremendous success as a general framework for learning how to make decisions. However, this success relies on the interactive hand-tuning of a reward function by RL experts. On the other hand,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Letian Chen , Rohan Paleja , Muyleng Ghuy , Matthew Gombolay

Self-Distillation Policy Optimization (SDPO) provides dense token-level credit assignment for reinforcement learning with large language models by leveraging the model's own feedback-conditioned predictions as a self-teacher. Unlike GRPO,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zehao Liu , Yuanpu Cao , Jinghui Chen , Vasant G. Honavar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated proficiency in utilizing various tools by coding, yet they face limitations in handling intricate logic and precise control. In embodied tasks, high-level planning is amenable to direct coding,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Shaoteng Liu , Haoqi Yuan , Minda Hu , Yanwei Li , Yukang Chen , Shu Liu , Zongqing Lu , Jiaya Jia

Reinforcement learning has been widely applied to enhance the reasoning capabilities of large language models. Extending the inference limits of smaller models has become a prominent research focus. However, algorithms such as Group…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Hao Wu , Wei Liu

With the increasing penetration of distributed energy resources, distributed optimization algorithms have attracted significant attention for power systems applications due to their potential for superior scalability, privacy, and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-09 Sihan Zeng , Alyssa Kody , Youngdae Kim , Kibaek Kim , Daniel K. Molzahn

On-policy distillation is pivotal for transferring reasoning capabilities to capacity-constrained models, yet remains prone to instability and negative transfer. We show that on-policy distillation can be interpreted, both theoretically and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Jongwoo Ko , Sara Abdali , Young Jin Kim , Tianyi Chen , Pashmina Cameron

Diffusion and flow matching policies offer expressive, multimodal action modeling, yet they are frequently unstable in online reinforcement learning (RL) due to intractable likelihoods and gradients propagating through long sampling chains.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chubin Zhang , Zhenglin Wan , Feng Chen , Fuchao Yang , Lang Feng , Yaxin Zhou , Xingrui Yu , Yang You , Ivor Tsang , Bo An

Despite substantial progress in multilingual extractive Question Answering (QA), models with high and uniformly distributed performance across languages remain challenging, especially for languages with limited resources. We study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Casimiro Pio Carrino , Carlos Escolano , José A. R. Fonollosa

Capability distillation applies knowledge distillation to selected model capabilities, aiming to compress a large language model (LLM) into a smaller one while preserving the abilities needed for a downstream task. However, most existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xueqi Cheng , Xugui Zhou , Tyler Derr , Yushun Dong

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have demonstrated promising results on complex tasks, yet often require impractical numbers of samples since they learn from scratch. Meta-RL aims to address this challenge by leveraging experience…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Russell Mendonca , Abhishek Gupta , Rosen Kralev , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine , Chelsea Finn

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful tool for finding optimal policies in sequential decision processes. However, deep RL methods have two weaknesses: collecting the amount of agent experience required for practical RL problems is…

Many real-world applications such as robotics provide hard constraints on power and compute that limit the viable model complexity of Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents. Similarly, in many distributed RL settings, acting is done on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Emilio Parisotto , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

The capacity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to follow complex instructions and generate factually accurate text is critical for their real-world application. However, standard decoding methods often fail to robustly satisfy these…

Since DeepSeek-R1 popularized, Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has become the core part of training Reasoning LLMs. However, we find some deficiency that influences RL stability and inference efficiency, like zero-variance in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Chen Li , Nazhou Liu , Kai Yang

Agentic search -- the task of training agents that iteratively reason, issue queries, and synthesize retrieved information to answer complex questions -- has achieved remarkable progress through reinforcement learning (RL). However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Hansi Zeng , Liam Collins , Bhuvesh Kumar , Neil Shah , Hamed Zamani

Knowledge Distillation (KD) can transfer the reasoning abilities of large models to smaller ones, which can reduce the costs to generate Chain-of-Thoughts for reasoning tasks. KD methods typically ask the student to mimic the teacher's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Minsang Kim , Seung Jun Baek

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a dominant paradigm for training autonomous agents, yet these agents often exhibit poor generalization, failing to adapt to scenarios not seen during training. In this work, we identify a fundamental cause of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Jingyu Liu , Xiaopeng Wu , Jingquan Peng , Kehan Chen , Chuan Yu , Lizhong Ding , Yong Liu

Conversational question answering (ConvQA) over law knowledge bases (KBs) involves answering multi-turn natural language questions about law and hope to find answers in the law knowledge base. Despite many methods have been proposed.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Mi Wu
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