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Multimodal hallucination in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) restricts the correctness of MLLMs. However, multimodal hallucinations are multi-sourced and arise from diverse causes. Existing benchmarks fail to adequately distinguish…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Bowen Dong , Minheng Ni , Zitong Huang , Guanglei Yang , Wangmeng Zuo , Lei Zhang

Medical Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated potential in healthcare applications, yet their propensity for hallucinations -- generating medically implausible or inaccurate information -- presents substantial risks to patient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Kaiwen Zuo , Yirui Jiang

Despite growing interest in hallucination in Multimodal Large Language Models, existing studies primarily focus on single-image settings, leaving hallucination in multi-image scenarios largely unexplored. To address this gap, we conduct the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Jiale Li , Mingrui Wu , Zixiang Jin , Hao Chen , Jiayi Ji , Xiaoshuai Sun , Liujuan Cao , Rongrong Ji

Following the success of Large Language Models (LLMs), expanding their boundaries to new modalities represents a significant paradigm shift in multimodal understanding. Human perception is inherently multimodal, relying not only on text but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Kim Sung-Bin , Oh Hyun-Bin , JungMok Lee , Arda Senocak , Joon Son Chung , Tae-Hyun Oh

Medical Large Language Models (MLLMs) play a crucial role in ophthalmic diagnosis, holding significant potential to address vision-threatening diseases. However, their accuracy is constrained by hallucinations stemming from limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Xiaoyu Pan , Yang Bai , Ke Zou , Yang Zhou , Jun Zhou , Huazhu Fu , Yih-Chung Tham , Yong Liu

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have emerged as a powerful paradigm for integrating visual and textual information, supporting a wide range of multi-modal tasks. However, these models often suffer from hallucination, producing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Zhiyuan Chen , Yuecong Min , Jie Zhang , Bei Yan , Jiahao Wang , Xiaozhen Wang , Shiguang Shan

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) mark a shift from non-thinking models to post-trained reasoning models capable of solving complex problems through thinking. However, whether such thinking mitigates hallucinations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Zhidian Huang , Zijun Yao , Ji Qi , Shangqing Tu , Junxian Ma , Jinxin Liu , Weichuan Liu , Xiaoyin Che , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced machine translation but remain vulnerable to hallucinations. Unfortunately, existing MT benchmarks are not capable of exposing failures in multilingual LLMs. To disclose hallucination in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Xinwei Wu , Heng Liu , Jiang Zhou , Xiaohu Zhao , Linlong Xu , Longyue Wang , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang

This survey presents a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of hallucination in multimodal large language models (MLLMs), also known as Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), which have demonstrated significant advancements and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Zechen Bai , Pichao Wang , Tianjun Xiao , Tong He , Zongbo Han , Zheng Zhang , Mike Zheng Shou

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) often suffer from object hallucination, making erroneous judgments about the presence of objects in images. We propose this primar- ily stems from spurious correlations arising when models strongly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Zhe Xu , Zhicai Wang , Junkang Wu , Jinda Lu , Xiang Wang

Hallucination has been a major problem for large language models and remains a critical challenge when it comes to multimodality in which vision-language models (VLMs) have to deal with not just textual but also visual inputs. Despite rapid…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Zhecan Wang , Garrett Bingham , Adams Yu , Quoc Le , Thang Luong , Golnaz Ghiasi

Hallucination issues continue to affect multimodal large language models (MLLMs), with existing research mainly addressing object-level or attribute-level hallucinations, neglecting the more complex relation hallucinations that require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Kening Zheng , Junkai Chen , Yibo Yan , Xin Zou , Xuming Hu

Large language models (LLMs) are prone to hallucinations, which sparked a widespread effort to detect and prevent them. Recent work attempts to mitigate hallucinations by intervening in the model's generation, typically computing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Adi Simhi , Jonathan Herzig , Idan Szpektor , Yonatan Belinkov

We introduce HallusionBench, a comprehensive benchmark designed for the evaluation of image-context reasoning. This benchmark presents significant challenges to advanced large visual-language models (LVLMs), such as GPT-4V(Vision), Gemini…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Tianrui Guan , Fuxiao Liu , Xiyang Wu , Ruiqi Xian , Zongxia Li , Xiaoyu Liu , Xijun Wang , Lichang Chen , Furong Huang , Yaser Yacoob , Dinesh Manocha , Tianyi Zhou

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at recognizing individual visual elements and reasoning over simple linear diagrams. However, when faced with complex topological structures involving branching paths, converging flows, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Qiang Xu , Shengyuan Bai , Yu Wang , He Cao , Leqing Chen , Yuanyuan Liu , Bin Feng , Zijing Liu , Yu Li

Despite significant strides in multimodal tasks, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are plagued by the critical issue of hallucination. The reliable detection of such hallucinations in MLLMs has, therefore, become a vital aspect of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Xiang Chen , Chenxi Wang , Yida Xue , Ningyu Zhang , Xiaoyan Yang , Qiang Li , Yue Shen , Lei Liang , Jinjie Gu , Huajun Chen

Existing vision-language understanding benchmarks largely consist of images of objects in their usual contexts. As a consequence, recent multimodal large language models can perform well with only a shallow visual understanding by relying…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable ability in various language tasks, especially with their emergent in-context learning capability. Extending LLMs to incorporate visual inputs, large vision-language models (LVLMs) have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Aneesh Komanduri , Karuna Bhaila , Xintao Wu

The hallucination of large multimodal models (LMMs), providing responses that appear correct but are actually incorrect, limits their reliability and applicability. This paper aims to study the hallucination problem of LMMs in video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Hongcheng Gao , Jiashu Qu , Jingyi Tang , Baolong Bi , Yue Liu , Hongyu Chen , Li Liang , Li Su , Qingming Huang

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) are increasingly integral to healthcare applications, including medical visual question answering and imaging report generation. While these models inherit the robust capabilities of foundational Large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jiawei Chen , Dingkang Yang , Tong Wu , Yue Jiang , Xiaolu Hou , Mingcheng Li , Shunli Wang , Dongling Xiao , Ke Li , Lihua Zhang
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