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Recent vision-language-action (VLA) models have significantly advanced robotic manipulation by unifying perception, reasoning, and control. To achieve such integration, recent studies adopt a predictive paradigm that models future visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yijie Zhu , Jie He , Rui Shao , Kaishen Yuan , Tao Tan , Xiaochen Yuan , Zitong Yu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently achieved notable progress in end-to-end autonomous driving by integrating perception, reasoning, and control within a unified multimodal framework. However, they often lack explicit modeling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Guoqing Wang , Pin Tang , Xiangxuan Ren , Guodongfang Zhao , Bailan Feng , Chao Ma

Reasoning Vision Language Action (VLA) models improve robotic instruction-following by generating step-by-step textual plans before low-level actions, an approach inspired by Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning in language models. Yet even…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Yilin Wu , Anqi Li , Tucker Hermans , Fabio Ramos , Andrea Bajcsy , Claudia Pérez-D'Arpino

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models like OpenVLA demonstrate impressive zero-shot generalization across robotic manipulation tasks but struggle to adapt to specific deployment environments where consistent high performance on a limited set…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Shahram Najam Syed , Yatharth Ahuja , Arthur Jakobsson , Jeff Ichnowski

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising framework for enabling generalist robots capable of perceiving, reasoning, and acting in the real world. These models usually build upon pretrained Vision-Language Models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Tao Lin , Gen Li , Yilei Zhong , Yanwen Zou , Yuxin Du , Jiting Liu , Encheng Gu , Bo Zhao

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models show promise for robotic control, yet performance in complex household environments remains sub-optimal. Mobile manipulation requires reasoning about global scene layout, fine-grained geometry, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Ruisen Tu , Arth Shukla , Sohyun Yoo , Xuanlin Li , Junxi Li , Jianwen Xie , Hao Su , Zhuowen Tu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models built on pretrained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) show strong potential but are limited in practicality due to their large parameter counts. To mitigate this issue, using a lightweight VLM has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Chaojun Ni , Cheng Chen , Xiaofeng Wang , Zheng Zhu , Wenzhao Zheng , Boyuan Wang , Tianrun Chen , Guosheng Zhao , Haoyun Li , Zhehao Dong , Qiang Zhang , Yun Ye , Yang Wang , Guan Huang , Wenjun Mei

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models mark a transformative advancement in artificial intelligence, aiming to unify perception, natural language understanding, and embodied action within a single computational framework. This foundational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ranjan Sapkota , Yang Cao , Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis , Manoj Karkee

While vision-language-action (VLA) models for embodied agents integrate perception, reasoning, and control, they remain constrained by two critical weaknesses: first, during grasping tasks, the action tokens generated by the language model…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Wentao Zhang , Aolan Sun , Wentao Mo , Xiaoyang Qu , Yuxin Zheng , Jianzong Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as promising solutions for robotic manipulation, yet their robustness to real-world physical variations remains critically underexplored. To bridge this gap, we propose Eva-VLA, the first…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Hanqing Liu , Shouwei Ruan , Jiahuan Long , Junqi Wu , Jiacheng Hou , Huili Tang , Tingsong Jiang , Weien Zhou , Wen Yao

Vision-language-action (VLA) reasoning tasks require agents to interpret multimodal instructions, perform long-horizon planning, and act adaptively in dynamic environments. Existing approaches typically train VLA models in an end-to-end…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Chi-Pin Huang , Yueh-Hua Wu , Min-Hung Chen , Yu-Chiang Frank Wang , Fu-En Yang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown remarkable success in robotic tasks like manipulation by fusing a language model's reasoning with a vision model's 3D understanding. However, their high computational cost remains a major…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zebin Yang , Yijiahao Qi , Tong Xie , Bo Yu , Shaoshan Liu , Meng Li

Despite their strong performance in embodied tasks, recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models remain highly fragile under multimodal perturbations, where visual corruption and linguistic noise jointly induce distribution shifts that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yuhan Xie , Yuping Yan , Yunqi Zhao , Handing Wang , Yaochu Jin

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently emerged in autonomous driving, with the promise of leveraging rich world knowledge to improve the cognitive capabilities of driving systems. However, adapting such models for driving tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yongkang Li , Lijun Zhou , Sixu Yan , Bencheng Liao , Tianyi Yan , Kaixin Xiong , Long Chen , Hongwei Xie , Bing Wang , Guang Chen , Hangjun Ye , Wenyu Liu , Haiyang Sun , Xinggang Wang

Leveraging temporal context is crucial for success in partially observable robotic tasks. However, prior work in behavior cloning has demonstrated inconsistent performance gains when using multi-frame observations. In this paper, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Huiwon Jang , Sihyun Yu , Heeseung Kwon , Hojin Jeon , Younggyo Seo , Jinwoo Shin

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are emerging as a next-generation paradigm for robotics. We introduce dVLA, a diffusion-based VLA that leverages a multimodal chain-of-thought to unify visual perception, language reasoning, and robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Junjie Wen , Minjie Zhu , Jiaming Liu , Zhiyuan Liu , Yicun Yang , Linfeng Zhang , Shanghang Zhang , Yichen Zhu , Yi Xu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models offer a promising paradigm for generalist robotic policies, yet their adaptation is hindered by data inefficiency and poor generalization. We argue that these bottlenecks stem from the prevailing Direct…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yutai Li , Shaohui Peng , Jiaming Guo , Di Huang , Zihao Zhang , Yuxuan Guo , Yunkai Gao , Siming Lan , Ling Li , Xing Hu , Yunji Chen

Robotic manipulation in 3D requires effective computation of N degree-of-freedom joint-space trajectories that enable precise and robust control. To achieve this, robots must integrate semantic understanding with visual perception to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Vineet Bhat , Yu-Hsiang Lan , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Ramesh Karri , Farshad Khorrami

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently emerged as a promising paradigm for robotic manipulation, in which reliable action prediction critically depends on accurately interpreting and integrating visual observations conditioned on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yulin Luo , Hao Chen , Zhuangzhe Wu , Bowen Sui , Jiaming Liu , Chenyang Gu , Zhuoyang Liu , Qiuxuan Feng , Jiale Yu , Shuo Gu , Peng Jia , Pheng-Ann Heng , Shanghang Zhang

Robot foundation models, particularly Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, have garnered significant attention for their ability to enhance robot policy learning, greatly improving robot's generalization and robustness. OpenAI's recent…