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With increasing scale, large language models demonstrate both quantitative improvement and new qualitative capabilities, especially as zero-shot learners, like GPT-3. However, these results rely heavily on delicate prompt design and large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Jingjing Xu , Qingxiu Dong , Hongyi Liu , Lei Li

Fine-tuning a pretrained language model on a curated dataset can produce spurious correlations between the fine-tuning task and unintended latent factors -- such as misaligned personas or political slant -- that the curation procedure has…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-28 Ciarán M. Gilligan-Lee , Joseph Egan , Yuchen Zhu , Michael O'Riordan

We propose a rubric-guided, pseudo-labeled, and prompt-driven zero-shot video summarization framework that bridges large language models with structured semantic reasoning. A small subset of human annotations is converted into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Yuanli Wu , Long Zhang , Yue Du , Bin Li

Clinical documentation can contain emotionally charged language with stigmatizing or privileging valences. We present a framework for detecting and classifying such language as stigmatizing, privileging, or neutral. We constructed a curated…

AI developers often apply safety alignment procedures to prevent the misuse of their AI systems. For example, before Meta released Llama 2-Chat - a collection of instruction fine-tuned large language models - they invested heavily in safety…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Simon Lermen , Charlie Rogers-Smith , Jeffrey Ladish

Few-shot learning (FSL) is an important and topical problem in computer vision that has motivated extensive research into numerous methods spanning from sophisticated meta-learning methods to simple transfer learning baselines. We seek to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-18 Shell Xu Hu , Da Li , Jan Stühmer , Minyoung Kim , Timothy M. Hospedales

Language models (LMs) with less than 100B parameters are known to perform poorly on chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning in contrast to large LMs when solving unseen tasks. In this work, we aim to equip smaller LMs with the step-by-step…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Seungone Kim , Se June Joo , Doyoung Kim , Joel Jang , Seonghyeon Ye , Jamin Shin , Minjoon Seo

The spread of fake news, polarizing, politically biased, and harmful content on online platforms has been a serious concern. With large language models becoming a promising approach, however, no study has properly benchmarked their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Michele Joshua Maggini , Dhia Merzougui , Rabiraj Bandyopadhyay , Gaël Dias , Fabrice Maurel , Pablo Gamallo

In semantic segmentation, accurate prediction masks are crucial for downstream tasks such as medical image analysis and image editing. Due to the lack of annotated data, few-shot semantic segmentation (FSS) performs poorly in predicting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Chen-Bin Feng , Qi Lai , Kangdao Liu , Houcheng Su , Chi-Man Vong

In computer vision, fine-tuning is the de-facto approach to leverage pre-trained vision models to perform downstream tasks. However, deploying it in practice is quite challenging, due to adopting parameter inefficient global update and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Xing Nie , Bolin Ni , Jianlong Chang , Gaomeng Meng , Chunlei Huo , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Shiming Xiang , Qi Tian , Chunhong Pan

Extracting standardized metallurgical metrics from microscopy images remains challenging due to complex grain morphology and the data demands of supervised segmentation. To bridge foundational computer vision with practical metallurgical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Abdul Mueez , Shruti Vyas

As large language models (LLMs) continue to grow, the cost of full-parameter fine-tuning has made parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) the default strategy for downstream adaptation. Constraints from inference latency in scalable serving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yichen Xu , Yuyang Liang , Shan Dai , Tianyang Hu , Tsz Nam Chan , Chenhao Ma

This report presents a solution for the zero-shot referring expression comprehension task. Visual-language multimodal base models (such as CLIP, SAM) have gained significant attention in recent years as a cornerstone of mainstream research.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Longfei Huang , Feng Yu , Zhihao Guan , Zhonghua Wan , Yang Yang

Prompt tuning is a parameter-efficient method, which learns soft prompts and conditions frozen language models to perform specific downstream tasks. Though effective, prompt tuning under few-shot settings on the one hand heavily relies on a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Kaihang Pan , Juncheng Li , Hongye Song , Jun Lin , Xiaozhong Liu , Siliang Tang

Finetuning language models (LMs) is crucial for adapting the models to downstream data and tasks. However, full finetuning is usually costly. Existing work, such as parameter-efficient finetuning (PEFT), often focuses on \textit{how to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jian Gu , Aldeida Aleti , Chunyang Chen , Hongyu Zhang

Thanks to the large pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP, we can craft a zero-shot classifier by "prompt", e.g., the confidence score of an image being "[CLASS]" can be obtained by using the VLM provided similarity measure…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Beier Zhu , Yulei Niu , Yucheng Han , Yue Wu , Hanwang Zhang

Large language models are trained to refuse harmful requests, but can they accurately predict when they will refuse before responding? We investigate this question through a systematic study where models first predict their refusal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Tanay Gondil

Lifelong multimodal agents must continuously adapt to new tasks through post-training, but this creates a fundamental tension between acquiring capabilities and preserving safety alignment. We demonstrate that fine-tuning aligned…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Idhant Gulati , Shivam Raval

Vision-language models pre-trained at large scale have shown unprecedented adaptability and generalization to downstream tasks. Although its discriminative potential has been widely explored, its reliability and uncertainty are still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Julio Silva-Rodríguez , Ismail Ben Ayed , Jose Dolz

Few-shot learning-the ability to train models with access to limited data-has become increasingly popular in the natural language processing (NLP) domain, as large language models such as GPT and T0 have been empirically shown to achieve…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Robert Kraig Helmeczi , Mucahit Cevik , Savas Yıldırım