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Long-horizon agentic reasoning requires large language models to act over long interaction histories containing thoughts, tool calls, observations, and partial conclusions. The challenge is not merely that these histories grow long, but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yuyang Hu , Hongjin Qian , Shuting Wang , Jiongnan Liu , Ziliang Zhao , Jiejun Tan , Zheng Liu , Zhicheng Dou

LLM-based conversational AI agents struggle to maintain coherent behavior over long horizons due to limited context. While RAG-based approaches are increasingly adopted to overcome this limitation by storing interactions in external memory…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jiazhou Liang , Armin Toroghi , Yifan Simon Liu , Faeze Moradi Kalarde , Liam Gallagher , Scott Sanner

We present HippoCamp, a new benchmark designed to evaluate agents' capabilities on multimodal file management. Unlike existing agent benchmarks that focus on tasks like web interaction, tool use, or software automation in generic settings,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Zhe Yang , Shulin Tian , Kairui Hu , Shuai Liu , Hoang-Nhat Nguyen , Yichi Zhang , Zujin Guo , Mengying Yu , Zinan Zhang , Jingkang Yang , Chen Change Loy , Ziwei Liu

As AI agents increasingly operate in open, real-world environments, they require a deep synergy of multimodal perception, tool invocation with multi-hop reasoning, and dynamic interaction with users. However, existing benchmarks fail to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yunqi Liu , Tong Niu , Zitong Wang , Zhenlong Dai , Yuqi Qing , Weiqiang Wang , Jian Liu

Recent advances in persona-centric memory have revealed the powerful capability of multi-agent systems in managing persona memory, especially in conversational scenarios. However, these complex frameworks often suffer from information loss…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Qi Zhang , Shen Huang , Chu Liu , Shouqing Yang , Junbo Zhao , Haobo Wang , Pengjun Xie

Multi-agent systems built on Large Language Models (LLMs) show exceptional promise for complex collaborative problem-solving, yet they face fundamental challenges stemming from context window limitations that impair memory consistency, role…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Sizhe Yuen , Francisco Gomez Medina , Ting Su , Yali Du , Adam J. Sobey

Self-evolving memory systems are unprecedentedly reshaping the evolutionary paradigm of large language model (LLM)-based agents. Prior work has predominantly relied on manually engineered memory architectures to store trajectories, distill…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Guibin Zhang , Haotian Ren , Chong Zhan , Zhenhong Zhou , Junhao Wang , He Zhu , Wangchunshu Zhou , Shuicheng Yan

Effectively retrieving, reasoning, and understanding multimodal information remains a critical challenge for agentic systems. Traditional Retrieval-augmented Generation (RAG) methods rely on linear interaction histories, which struggle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Qiuchen Wang , Shihang Wang , Yu Zeng , Qiang Zhang , Fanrui Zhang , Zhuoning Guo , Bosi Zhang , Wenxuan Huang , Lin Chen , Zehui Chen , Pengjun Xie , Ruixue Ding

Autonomous agents have recently achieved remarkable progress across diverse domains, yet most evaluations focus on short-horizon, fully observable tasks. In contrast, many critical real-world tasks, such as large-scale software development,…

World simulation has gained increasing popularity due to its ability to model virtual environments and predict the consequences of actions. However, the limited temporal context window often leads to failures in maintaining long-term…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Zeqi Xiao , Yushi Lan , Yifan Zhou , Wenqi Ouyang , Shuai Yang , Yanhong Zeng , Xingang Pan

As LLM-based agents are increasingly used in long-term interactions, cumulative memory is critical for enabling personalization and maintaining stylistic consistency. However, most existing systems adopt an ``all-or-nothing'' approach to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Muzhao Tian , Zisu Huang , Xiaohua Wang , Jingwen Xu , Zhengkang Guo , Qi Qian , Yuanzhe Shen , Kaitao Song , Jiakang Yuan , Changze Lv , Xiaoqing Zheng

Many real-world systems, such as transportation systems, ecological systems, and Internet systems, are complex systems. As an important tool for studying complex systems, computational experiments can map them into artificial society models…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Ming Zhang , Yiling Xuan , Qun Ma , Yuwei Guo

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly capable of automating components of machine learning development, yet existing biomedical benchmarks mainly focus on question answering, reasoning, and tool usage, or evaluate only narrow…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Loka Li , Duzhen Zhang , Xingbo Du , Leonard Song , Zixiao Wang , Assanali Aukenov , Noel Thomas , Shakhnazar Sailaukan , Yonghan Yang , Feilong Chen , Jiahua Dong , Kun Zhang , Bin Zhang , Le Song

Existing agent memory systems universally follow what we term a Memory-as-Tool paradigm where a single query triggers one-shot retrieval of flat passage lists, suffering from passive invocation, reasoning-retrieval decoupling, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zihan Li , Xingyu Fan , Feifei Li , Wenhui Que

Memory-augmented large language models extend reasoning beyond a fixed context window by maintaining long-term memory across interactions. However, existing memory systems often collapse stable user facts, episodic events, and behavioral…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Hyeonjeong Ha , Jeonghwan Kim , Cheng Qian , Jiayu Liu , William M. Campbell , Yue Wu , Yuji Zhang , Kathleen McKeown , Dilek Hakkani-Tur , Heng Ji

Long-running AI agents need persistent memory. Memory supports learning across sessions, reduces repeated context injection, and enables auditing of past decisions. Current agent memory systems and database paradigms treat memory as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Abdelghny Orogat , Essam Mansour

Multi-modal AI systems will likely become a ubiquitous presence in our everyday lives. A promising approach to making these systems more interactive is to embody them as agents within physical and virtual environments. At present, systems…

Deep reinforcement learning algorithms have recently been used to train multiple interacting agents in a centralised manner whilst keeping their execution decentralised. When the agents can only acquire partial observations and are faced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Emanuele Pesce , Giovanni Montana

Existing benchmarks for multimodal memory reasoning largely evaluate systems within pre-assembled contexts, but under-evaluate whether agents can use evidence distributed across independently originated sources. We argue that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Huacan Chai , Yukai Wang , Yingxuan Yang , Dan Peng , Yuanyi Song , Zhihui Fu , Weiwen Liu , Jianghao Lin , Jun Wang , Weinan Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as intelligent agents that reason, plan, and interact with their environments. To effectively scale to long-horizon scenarios, a key capability for such agents is a memory mechanism…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yuyang Hu , Jiongnan Liu , Jiejun Tan , Yutao Zhu , Zhicheng Dou
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