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Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a widely adopted parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) technique for foundation models. Recent work has highlighted an inherent asymmetry in the initialization of LoRA's low-rank factors, which has…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-18 Anastasis Kratsios , Tin Sum Cheng , Aurelien Lucchi , Haitz Sáez de Ocáriz Borde

Automated behavior classification is essential for precision livestock farming but faces challenges of high computational costs and limited labeled data. This study systematically compared three approaches: training from scratch (ResNet-18,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Haiyu Yang , Sumit Sharma , Enhong Liu , Miel Hostens

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with high parameter efficiency for downstream tasks has become a new paradigm. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) significantly reduces the number of trainable parameters for fine-tuning. Although it has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Jia-Chen Zhang , Yu-Jie Xiong , He-Xi Qiu , Dong-Hai Zhu , Chun-Ming Xia

As large language models (LLMs) scale to billions of parameters, full-parameter fine-tuning becomes compute- and memory-prohibitive. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) mitigates this issue by updating only a small set of task-specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xuan Cui , Huiyue Li , Run Zeng , Yunfei Zhao , Jinrui Qian , Wei Duan , Bo Liu , Zhanpeng Zhou

In response to the challenges posed by the extensive parameter updates required for full fine-tuning of large-scale pre-trained models, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods, exemplified by Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), have emerged.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Junjie Wang , Guangjing Yang , Wentao Chen , Huahui Yi , Xiaohu Wu , Zhouchen Lin , Qicheng Lao

Adapting models pre-trained on large-scale datasets is a proven way to reach strong performance quickly for down-stream tasks. However, the growth of state-of-the-art mod-els makes traditional full fine-tuning unsuitable and difficult,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Maxime Fontana , Michael Spratling , Miaojing Shi

This paper introduces Uniform Orthogonal Reinitialization Adaptation (UORA), a novel parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) approach for Large Language Models (LLMs). UORA achieves state-of-the-art performance and parameter efficiency by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xueyan Zhang , Jinman Zhao , Zhifei Yang , Yibo Zhong , Shuhao Guan , Linbo Cao , Yining Wang

Recent advances in large language models are driven by scale, while parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) enables updating only a small fraction of parameters. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) stores parameter deltas as the product of two small…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Zhanhao Cao , Clement Truong , Andrew Lizarraga

This survey delves into the realm of Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) within the context of Foundation Models (FMs). PEFT, a cost-effective fine-tuning technique, minimizes parameters and computational complexity while striving for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Dan Zhang , Tao Feng , Lilong Xue , Yuandong Wang , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods, especially LoRA, are widely used for adapting pre-trained models to downstream tasks due to their computational and storage efficiency. However, in the context of LoRA and its variants, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Kainan Liu , Yong Zhang , Ning Cheng , Yun Zhu , Yanmeng Wang , Shaojun Wang , Jing Xiao

Various parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) techniques have been proposed to enable computationally efficient fine-tuning while maintaining model performance. However, existing PEFT methods are still limited by the growing number of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Yifan Yang , Jiajun Zhou , Ngai Wong , Zheng Zhang

Foundation models have revolutionized AI, but adapting them efficiently for multimodal tasks, particularly in dual-stream architectures composed of unimodal encoders, such as DINO and BERT, remains a significant challenge.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Wish Suharitdamrong , Tony Alex , Muhammad Awais , Sara Ahmed

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is a parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method widely used in large language models (LLMs). LoRA essentially describes the projection of an input space into a low-dimensional output space, with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Shiwei Li , Xiandi Luo , Haozhao Wang , Xing Tang , Ziqiang Cui , Dugang Liu , Yuhua Li , Xiuqiang He , Ruixuan Li

Post-training has become essential for adapting large language models (LLMs) to complex downstream behaviors, including instruction following, preference alignment, and multi-step reasoning. Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Chengqian Zhang , Wei Zhu , Kyumin Lee

Supervised fine-tuning is the most common method to adapt large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks, but full fine-tuning LLMs requires massive computational resources. Recently, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Xiangdi Meng , Damai Dai , Weiyao Luo , Zhe Yang , Shaoxiang Wu , Xiaochen Wang , Peiyi Wang , Qingxiu Dong , Liang Chen , Zhifang Sui

Fine-tuning is often necessary to enhance the adaptability of Large Language Models (LLM) to downstream tasks. Nonetheless, the process of updating billions of parameters demands significant computational resources and training time, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Tongxu Luo , Jiahe Lei , Fangyu Lei , Weihao Liu , Shizhu He , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Despite recent advancements in the field of medical image analysis with the use of pretrained foundation models, the issue of distribution shifts between cross-source images largely remains adamant. To circumvent that issue, investigators…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Sanjaya Poudel , Nikita Kunwor , Raj Simkhada , Mustafa Munir , Manish Dhakal , Khem Poudel

Fine-tuning adapts a pre-trained model to downstream tasks using a small amount of labeled data. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is an efficient fine-tuning method that reduces memory and computation costs while often achieving performance close…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Ali Zindari , Rotem Mulayoff , Sebastian U. Stich

Prior parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) algorithms reduce memory usage and computational costs of fine-tuning large neural network models by training only a few additional adapter parameters, rather than the entire model. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Sunghyeon Woo , Sol Namkung , Sunwoo Lee , Inho Jeong , Beomseok Kim , Dongsuk Jeon

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has emerged as a powerful visual foundation model for image segmentation. However, adapting SAM to specific downstream tasks, such as medical and agricultural imaging, remains a significant challenge. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Renqi Chen , Haoyang Su , Shixiang Tang