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We introduce Adaptive Procedural Task Generation (APT-Gen), an approach to progressively generate a sequence of tasks as curricula to facilitate reinforcement learning in hard-exploration problems. At the heart of our approach, a task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Kuan Fang , Yuke Zhu , Silvio Savarese , Li Fei-Fei

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled agents to operate in open-ended web and operating system environments. However, existing benchmarks predominantly target consumer-oriented scenarios (e.g., e-commerce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Ying Mo , Yu Bai , Dapeng Sun , Yuqian Shi , Yukai Miao , Li Chen , Dan Li

Modern businesses are increasingly challenged by the time and expense required to generate and assess high-quality content. Human writers face time constraints, and extrinsic evaluations can be costly. While Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Thanh Vu , Richi Nayak , Thiru Balasubramaniam

Large language models (LLMs) are transforming web search by shifting from document ranking to synthesizing answers, and are increasingly deployed as autonomous agentic search systems that iteratively interact with external knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Guangzhi Xiong , Qiao Jin , Xiao Wang , Yin Fang , Haolin Liu , Yifan Yang , Fangyuan Chen , Zhixing Song , Dengyu Wang , Minjia Zhang , Zhiyong Lu , Aidong Zhang

The rise of generative and autonomous agents marks a fundamental shift in computing, demanding a rethinking of how humans collaborate with probabilistic, partially autonomous systems. We present the Human-AI-Experience (HAX) framework, a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Marc Scibelli , Krystelle Gonzalez Papaux , Julia Valenti , Srishti Kush

Although large language models (LLMs) have advanced rapidly, robust automation of complex software workflows remains an open problem. In long-horizon settings, agents frequently suffer from cascading errors and environmental stochasticity;…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Yenchia Feng , Chirag Sharma , Karime Maamari

Large language model-based web agents have demonstrated strong performance on realistic web interaction tasks. However, existing evaluations are predominantly conducted under relatively stable and well-behaved interaction conditions, which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Haoyue Bai , Dong Wang , Long Chen , Bingguang Hao , Pengyang Shao , Yonghui Yang , Yicheng He , Chenyi Zhuang

We present TextAtari, a benchmark for evaluating language agents on very long-horizon decision-making tasks spanning up to 100,000 steps. By translating the visual state representations of classic Atari games into rich textual descriptions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Wenhao Li , Wenwu Li , Chuyun Shen , Junjie Sheng , Zixiao Huang , Di Wu , Yun Hua , Wei Yin , Xiangfeng Wang , Hongyuan Zha , Bo Jin

The predominant approach for training web navigation agents is to gather human demonstrations for a set of popular websites and hand-written tasks, but it is becoming clear that human data is an inefficient resource. We develop a pipeline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Brandon Trabucco , Gunnar Sigurdsson , Robinson Piramuthu , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Large reasoning models have demonstrated strong problem-solving abilities, yet real-world tasks often require external tools and long-horizon interactions. Existing agent frameworks typically follow predefined workflows, which limit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Xiaoxi Li , Wenxiang Jiao , Jiarui Jin , Guanting Dong , Jiajie Jin , Yinuo Wang , Hao Wang , Yutao Zhu , Ji-Rong Wen , Yuan Lu , Zhicheng Dou

Developing autonomous agents for web-based tasks is a core challenge in AI. While Large Language Model (LLM) agents can interpret complex user requests, they often operate as black boxes, making it difficult to diagnose why they fail or how…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Orit Shahnovsky , Rotem Dror

The structural properties of naturally arising social graphs are extensively studied to understand their evolution. Prior approaches for modeling network dynamics typically rely on rule-based models, which lack realism and generalizability,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Jiarui Ji , Runlin Lei , Jialing Bi , Zhewei Wei , Xu Chen , Yankai Lin , Xuchen Pan , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding

Robotic platforms have become essential for marine operations by providing regular and continuous access to offshore assets, such as underwater infrastructure inspection, environmental monitoring, and resource exploration. However, the…

LLM-based agents have demonstrated great potential in generating and managing code within complex codebases. In this paper, we introduce WebGen-Bench, a novel benchmark designed to measure an LLM-based agent's ability to create multi-file…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Zimu Lu , Yunqiao Yang , Houxing Ren , Haotian Hou , Han Xiao , Ke Wang , Weikang Shi , Aojun Zhou , Mingjie Zhan , Hongsheng Li

We introduce CollabToolBuilder, a flexible multiagent LLM framework with expert-in-the-loop (HITL) guidance that iteratively learns to create tools for a target goal, aligning with human intent and process, while minimizing time for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Daull Xavier , Patrice Bellot , Emmanuel Bruno , Vincent Martin , Elisabeth Murisasco

Reinforcement learning is a powerful technique to train an agent to perform a task. However, an agent that is trained using reinforcement learning is only capable of achieving the single task that is specified via its reward function. Such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Carlos Florensa , David Held , Xinyang Geng , Pieter Abbeel

Recent years have witnessed a rapid development of mobile GUI agents powered by large language models (LLMs), which can autonomously execute diverse device-control tasks based on natural language instructions. The increasing accuracy of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Guohong Liu , Jialei Ye , Jiacheng Liu , Yuanchun Li , Wei Liu , Pengzhi Gao , Jian Luan , Yunxin Liu

Large language model (LLM)-based systems are becoming increasingly popular for solving tasks by constructing executable workflows that interleave LLM calls, information retrieval, tool use, code execution, memory updates, and verification.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Ling Yue , Kushal Raj Bhandari , Ching-Yun Ko , Dhaval Patel , Shuxin Lin , Nianjun Zhou , Jianxi Gao , Pin-Yu Chen , Shaowu Pan

As Large Language Models increasingly automate complex, long-horizon tasks such as \emph{vibe coding}, a supervision gap has emerged. While models excel at execution, users often struggle to guide them effectively due to insufficient domain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Enyu Zhou , Zhiheng Xi , Long Ma , Zhihao Zhang , Shihan Dou , Zhikai Lei , Guoteng Wang , Rui Zheng , Hang Yan , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

We study parallel test-time scaling for long-horizon agentic tasks such as agentic search and deep research, where multiple rollouts are generated in parallel and aggregated into a final response. While such scaling has proven effective for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yoonsang Lee , Howard Yen , Xi Ye , Danqi Chen