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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as sources of historical information, motivating the need for scalable audits on contested events and politically charged narratives in settings that mirror real user interactions. We…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Francesco Ortu , Joeun Yook , Punya Syon Pandey , Keenan Samway , Bernhard Schölkopf , Alberto Cazzaniga , Rada Mihalcea , Zhijing Jin

Patient experience and care quality are crucial for a hospital's sustainability and reputation. The analysis of patient feedback offers valuable insight into patient satisfaction and outcomes. However, the unstructured nature of these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Hajar Sakai , Sarah S. Lam , Mohammadsadegh Mikaeili , Joshua Bosire , Franziska Jovin

This study introduces a framework for evaluating consistency in large language model (LLM) binary text classification, addressing the lack of established reliability assessment methods. Adapting psychometric principles, we determine sample…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Fadel M. Megahed , Ying-Ju Chen , L. Allision Jones-Farmer , Younghwa Lee , Jiawei Brooke Wang , Inez M. Zwetsloot

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit strong In-Context Learning (ICL) capabilities when prompts with demonstrations are used. However, fine-tuning still remains crucial to further enhance their adaptability. Prompt-based fine-tuning proves…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Shuzhou Yuan , Ercong Nie , Michael Färber , Helmut Schmid , Hinrich Schütze

Tracking and collecting fast-evolving online discussions provides vast data for studying social media usage and its role in people's public lives. However, collecting social media data using a static set of keywords fails to satisfy the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Maya Srikanth , Anqi Liu , Nicholas Adams-Cohen , Jian Cao , R. Michael Alvarez , Anima Anandkumar

Understanding how individuals perceive and react to information is fundamental for advancing social and behavioral sciences and developing human-centered AI systems. Current approaches often lack the granular data needed to model these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Tiancheng Hu , Nigel Collier

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in applications, and people can shape model behavior by editing prompt instructions. Yet encoding subtle, domain-specific policies into prompts is challenging. Although this process…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Minjae Lee , Minsuk Kahng

Classifiers are used throughout industry to enforce policies, ranging from the detection of toxic content to age-appropriate content filtering. While these classifiers serve important functions, it is also essential that they are built in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 James Atwood , Nino Scherrer , Preethi Lahoti , Ananth Balashankar , Flavien Prost , Ahmad Beirami

The advent of language models (LMs) has the potential to dramatically accelerate tasks that may be cast to text-processing; however, real-world adoption is hindered by concerns regarding safety, explainability, and bias. How can we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Reilly Raab , Mike Parker , Dan Nally , Sadie Montgomery , Anastasia Bernat , Sai Munikoti , Sameera Horawalavithana

System prompts provide a lightweight yet powerful mechanism for conditioning large language models (LLMs) at inference time. While prior work has focused on English-only settings, real-world deployments benefit from having a single prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Lechen Zhang , Yusheng Zhou , Tolga Ergen , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Moontae Lee , David Jurgens

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being increasingly integrated into software systems, offering powerful capabilities but also raising concerns about fairness. Existing fairness benchmarks, however, focus on stereotype-specific associations,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Gianmario Voria , Martina De Lucia , Alessandra Raia , Andrea De Lucia , Gemma Catolino , Fabio Palomba

Editing images using natural language instructions has become a natural and expressive way to modify visual content; yet, evaluating the performance of such models remains challenging. Existing evaluation approaches often rely on image-text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Yusu Qian , Jiasen Lu , Tsu-Jui Fu , Xinze Wang , Chen Chen , Yinfei Yang , Wenze Hu , Zhe Gan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for recommendation tasks due to their general-purpose capabilities. While LLMs perform well in rich-context settings, their behavior in cold-start scenarios, where only limited signals such…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Alexandre Andre , Gauthier Roy , Eva Dyer , Kai Wang

Generative, explainable, and flexible recommender systems, derived using Large Language Models (LLM) are promising and poorly adapted to the cold-start user situation, where there is little to no history of interaction. The current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Yushang Zhao , Huijie Shen , Dannier Li , Lu Chang , Chengrui Zhou , Yinuo Yang

Recent research has explored using Large Language Models for recommendation tasks by transforming user interaction histories and item metadata into text prompts, then having the LLM produce rankings or recommendations. A promising approach…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Bo Ma , LuYao Liu , Simon Lau , Chandler Yuan , and XueY Cui , Rosie Zhang

Recent advances in image generation, often driven by proprietary systems like GPT-4o Image Gen, regularly introduce new capabilities that reshape how users interact with these models. Existing benchmarks often lag behind and fail to capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jiaxin Ge , Grace Luo , Heekyung Lee , Nishant Malpani , Long Lian , XuDong Wang , Aleksander Holynski , Trevor Darrell , Sewon Min , David M. Chan

With the rapid growth of online information, the spread of fake news has become a serious social challenge. In this study, we propose a novel detection framework based on Large Language Models (LLMs) to identify and classify fake news by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Xiaochuan Xu , Peiyang Yu , Zeqiu Xu , Jiani Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes contexts where their outputs influence real-world decisions. However, evaluating bias in LLM outputs remains methodologically challenging due to sensitivity to prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 William Guey , Wei Zhang , Pei-Luen Patrick Rau , Pierrick Bougault , Vitor D. de Moura , Bertan Ucar , Jose O. Gomes

In this paper, we find that existing online forecasting methods have the following issues: 1) They do not consider the update frequency of streaming data and directly use labels (future signals) to update the model, leading to information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Daojun Liang , Haixia Zhang , Jing Wang , Dongfeng Yuan , Minggao Zhang

Researchers are increasingly using language models (LMs) for text annotation. These approaches rely only on a prompt telling the model to return a given output according to a set of instructions. The reproducibility of LM outputs may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Christopher Barrie , Elli Palaiologou , Petter Törnberg