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In applications with significant class imbalance or asymmetric costs, metrics such as the $F_\beta$-measure, AM measure, Jaccard similarity coefficient, and weighted accuracy offer more suitable evaluation criteria than standard binary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Anqi Mao , Mehryar Mohri , Yutao Zhong

The multi-label classification problem has generated significant interest in recent years. However, existing approaches do not adequately address two key challenges: (a) the ability to tackle problems with a large number (say millions) of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-11-26 Hsiang-Fu Yu , Prateek Jain , Purushottam Kar , Inderjit S. Dhillon

We present a detailed study of surrogate losses and algorithms for multi-label learning, supported by $H$-consistency bounds. We first show that, for the simplest form of multi-label loss (the popular Hamming loss), the well-known…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Anqi Mao , Mehryar Mohri , Yutao Zhong

The F-measure, which has originally been introduced in information retrieval, is nowadays routinely used as a performance metric for problems such as binary classification, multi-label classification, and structured output prediction.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-03-09 Willem Waegeman , Krzysztof Dembczynski , Arkadiusz Jachnik , Weiwei Cheng , Eyke Hullermeier

(Partial) ranking loss is a commonly used evaluation measure for multi-label classification, which is usually optimized with convex surrogates for computational efficiency. Prior theoretical work on multi-label ranking mainly focuses on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Guoqiang Wu , Chongxuan Li , Kun Xu , Jun Zhu

We discuss a method to improve the exact F-measure maximization algorithm called GFM, proposed in (Dembczynski et al. 2011) for multi-label classification, assuming the label set can be can partitioned into conditionally independent subsets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-07-04 Maxime Gasse , Alex Aussem

Macro-AUC is the arithmetic mean of the class-wise AUCs in multi-label learning and is commonly used in practice. However, its theoretical understanding is far lacking. Toward solving it, we characterize the generalization properties of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Guoqiang Wu , Chongxuan Li , Yilong Yin

We propose a novel framework for incorporating unlabeled data into semi-supervised classification problems, where scenarios involving the minimization of either i) adversarially robust or ii) non-robust loss functions have been considered.…

Various evaluation measures have been developed for multi-label classification, including Hamming Loss (HL), Subset Accuracy (SA) and Ranking Loss (RL). However, there is a gap between empirical results and the existing theories: 1) an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Guoqiang Wu , Jun Zhu

Existing research into online multi-label classification, such as online sequential multi-label extreme learning machine (OSML-ELM) and stochastic gradient descent (SGD), has achieved promising performance. However, these works do not take…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Xiuwen Gong , Jiahui Yang , Dong Yuan , Wei Bao

Regularization techniques are crucial to improving the generalization performance and training efficiency of deep neural networks. Many deep learning algorithms rely on weight decay, dropout, batch/layer normalization to converge faster and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Peng Lu , Ahmad Rashid , Ivan Kobyzev , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh , Philippe Langlais

In multi-label classification, where the evaluation of predictions is less straightforward than in single-label classification, various meaningful, though different, loss functions have been proposed. Ideally, the learning algorithm should…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Michael Rapp , Eneldo Loza Mencía , Johannes Fürnkranz , Vu-Linh Nguyen , Eyke Hüllermeier

In this paper, we consider the problem of automatic modulation classification with multiple sensors in the presence of unknown time offset, phase offset and received signal amplitude. We develop a novel hybrid maximum likelihood (HML)…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-02-05 O. Ozdemir , T. Wimalajeewa , B. Dulek , P. K. Varshney , W. Su

A weakly-supervised learning framework named as complementary-label learning has been proposed recently, where each sample is equipped with a single complementary label that denotes one of the classes the sample does not belong to. However,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-24 Yuzhou Cao , Shuqi Liu , Yitian Xu

The ultimate goal of a supervised learning algorithm is to produce models constructed on the training data that can generalize well to new examples. In classification, functional margin maximization -- correctly classifying as many training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Nikolaos Nikolaou , Henry Reeve , Gavin Brown

Multi-label classification deals with the problem where each instance is associated with multiple class labels. Because evaluation in multi-label classification is more complicated than single-label setting, a number of performance measures…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Xi-Zhu Wu , Zhi-Hua Zhou

Energy-based models (EBMs) offer a flexible framework for parameterizing probability distributions using neural networks. However, learning EBMs by exact maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is generally intractable, due to the need to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Michael E. Sander , Vincent Roulet , Tianlin Liu , Mathieu Blondel

In the absence of prior knowledge, ordinal embedding methods obtain new representation for items in a low-dimensional Euclidean space via a set of quadruple-wise comparisons. These ordinal comparisons often come from human annotators, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-06 Ke Ma , Qianqian Xu , Zhiyong Yang , Xiaochun Cao

The fundamental theorem of statistical learning states that for binary classification problems, any Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM) learning rule has close to optimal sample complexity. In this paper we seek for a generic optimal learner…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-05-13 Amit Daniely , Shai Shalev-Shwartz

Measurement-constrained datasets, often encountered in semi-supervised learning, arise when data labeling is costly, time-intensive, or hindered by confidentiality or ethical concerns, resulting in a scarcity of labeled data. In certain…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-15 Yixin Shen , Yang Ning
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