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Related papers: Measuring Form and Function in Language Models

200 papers

We propose a grounded approach to meaning in language typology. We treat data from perceptual modalities, such as images, as a language-agnostic representation of meaning. Hence, we can quantify the function--form relationship between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Coleman Haley , Sharon Goldwater , Edoardo Ponti

Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) should not focus only on high accuracy of corrections but also on interpretability for language learning. However, existing neural-based GEC models mainly aim at improving accuracy, and their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Masahiro Kaneko , Sho Takase , Ayana Niwa , Naoaki Okazaki

Large language models have shown unprecedented abilities in generating linguistically coherent and syntactically correct natural language output. However, they often return incorrect and inconsistent answers to input questions. Due to the…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Jasmin Mousavi , Arash Termehchy

While recent neural encoder-decoder models have shown great promise in modeling open-domain conversations, they often generate dull and generic responses. Unlike past work that has focused on diversifying the output of the decoder at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-24 Tiancheng Zhao , Ran Zhao , Maxine Eskenazi

Recent work on end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) has shown that the connectionist temporal classification (CTC) loss can be used to convert acoustics to phone or character sequences. Such systems are used with a dictionary and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Kartik Audhkhasi , Bhuvana Ramabhadran , George Saon , Michael Picheny , David Nahamoo

English proficiency assessments have become a necessary metric for filtering and selecting prospective candidates for both academia and industry. With the rise in demand for such assessments, it has become increasingly necessary to have the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Pakhi Bamdev , Manraj Singh Grover , Yaman Kumar Singla , Payman Vafaee , Mika Hama , Rajiv Ratn Shah

Intrinsic evaluation metrics for conditional language models, such as perplexity or bits-per-character, are widely used in both mono- and multilingual settings. These metrics are rather straightforward to use and compare in monolingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Wessel Poelman , Miryam de Lhoneux

The impressive performance of recent language models across a wide range of tasks suggests that they possess a degree of abstract reasoning skills. Are these skills general and transferable, or specialized to specific tasks seen during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Zhaofeng Wu , Linlu Qiu , Alexis Ross , Ekin Akyürek , Boyuan Chen , Bailin Wang , Najoung Kim , Jacob Andreas , Yoon Kim

Categorization is a core component of human linguistic competence. We investigate how a transformer-based language model (LM) learns linguistic categories by comparing its behaviour over the course of training to behaviours which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Jasper Jian , Christopher D. Manning

Generative spoken language models pretrained on large-scale raw audio can continue a speech prompt with appropriate content while preserving attributes like speaker and emotion, serving as foundation models for spoken dialogue. In prior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Chan-Jan Hsu , Liang-Hsuan Tseng , Yi-Cheng Lin , Yen-Chun Kuo , Ju-Chieh Chou , Kai-Wei Chang , Hung-yi Lee , Carlos Busso

Human-like personality traits have recently been discovered in large language models, raising the hypothesis that their (known and as yet undiscovered) biases conform with human latent psychological constructs. While large conversational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Maor Reuben , Ortal Slobodin , Aviad Elyshar , Idan-Chaim Cohen , Orna Braun-Lewensohn , Odeya Cohen , Rami Puzis

Both humans and machines learn the meaning of unknown words through contextual information in a sentence, but not all contexts are equally helpful for learning. We introduce an effective method for capturing the level of contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Sungjin Nam , David Jurgens , Gwen Frishkoff , Kevyn Collins-Thompson

How do we measure the efficacy of language model explainability methods? While many explainability methods have been developed, they are typically evaluated on bespoke tasks, preventing an apples-to-apples comparison. To help fill this gap,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Edmund Mills , Shiye Su , Stuart Russell , Scott Emmons

We present a novel approach to construction of a formal semantics for a programming language. Our approach, using a parametric denotational semantics, allows the semantics to be easily extended to support new language features, and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-12-04 In-Ho Yi

Inductive reasoning is a core component of human intelligence. In the past research of inductive reasoning within computer science, formal language is used as representations of knowledge (facts and rules, more specifically). However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Zonglin Yang , Li Dong , Xinya Du , Hao Cheng , Erik Cambria , Xiaodong Liu , Jianfeng Gao , Furu Wei

Many neural network models nowadays have achieved promising performances in Chit-chat settings. The majority of them rely on an encoder for understanding the post and a decoder for generating the response. Without given assigned semantics,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Hung-Ting Chen , Yu-Chieh Chao , Ta-Hsuan Chao , Wei-Yun Ma

To address an important gap in creating children's stories for vocabulary enrichment, we investigate the automatic evaluation of how well stories convey the semantics of target vocabulary words, a task with substantial implications for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Maria Valentini , Téa Wright , Ali Marashian , Jennifer Weber , Eliana Colunga , Katharina von der Wense

Readability assessment aims to automatically classify text by the level appropriate for learning readers. Traditional approaches to this task utilize a variety of linguistically motivated features paired with simple machine learning models.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Tovly Deutsch , Masoud Jasbi , Stuart Shieber

Children's speech recognition remains challenging due to substantial acoustic and linguistic variability, limited labeled data, and significant differences from adult speech. Speech foundation models can address these challenges through…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-23 Haolong Zheng , Yekaterina Yegorova , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson

We present the Perceptimatic English Benchmark, an open experimental benchmark for evaluating quantitative models of speech perception in English. The benchmark consists of ABX stimuli along with the responses of 91 American…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Juliette Millet , Ewan Dunbar