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The rapid advancement of large models, driven by their exceptional abilities in learning and generalization through large-scale pre-training, has reshaped the landscape of Artificial Intelligence (AI). These models are now foundational to a…

We present a suite of reinforcement learning environments illustrating various safety properties of intelligent agents. These problems include safe interruptibility, avoiding side effects, absent supervisor, reward gaming, safe exploration,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-29 Jan Leike , Miljan Martic , Victoria Krakovna , Pedro A. Ortega , Tom Everitt , Andrew Lefrancq , Laurent Orseau , Shane Legg

As AI agents are increasingly adopted to collaborate on complex objectives, ensuring the security of autonomous multi-agent systems becomes crucial. We develop simulations of agents collaborating on shared objectives to study these security…

EVMbench, released by OpenAI, Paradigm, and OtterSec, is the first large-scale benchmark for AI agents on smart contract security. Its results -- agents detect up to 45.6% of vulnerabilities and exploit 72.2% of a curated subset -- have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Chaoyuan Peng , Lei Wu , Yajin Zhou

The booming development of AI agents presents unprecedented opportunities for automating complex tasks across various domains. However, their multi-step, multi-tool collaboration capabilities in the financial sector remain underexplored.…

Driven by the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), LLM-based agents have been developed to handle various real-world applications, including finance, healthcare, and shopping, etc. It is crucial to ensure the reliability and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Wenkai Yang , Xiaohan Bi , Yankai Lin , Sishuo Chen , Jie Zhou , Xu Sun

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has made impressive progress in recent years and represents a key technology that has a crucial impact on the economy and society. However, it is clear that AI and business models based on it can only reach…

In the vast domain of cybersecurity, the transition from reactive defense to offensive has become critical in protecting digital infrastructures. This paper explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into offensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Leroy Jacob Valencia

The home voice assistants such as Amazon Alexa have become increasingly popular due to many interesting voice-activated services provided through special applications called skills. These skills, though useful, have also introduced new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Dan Su , Jiqiang Liu , Sencun Zhu , Xiaoyang Wang , Wei Wang

Robotics, automation, and related Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems have become pervasive bringing in concerns related to security, safety, accuracy, and trust. With growing dependency on physical robots that work in close proximity to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Sudip Mittal , Jingdao Chen

Quantum Artificial Intelligence (QAI), the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Quantum Computing (QC), promises transformative advances, including AI-enabled quantum cryptography and quantum-resistant encryption protocols.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Grace Billiris , Asif Gill , Madhushi Bandara

Through a systematic review of academic literature, we propose a taxonomy of systemic risks associated with artificial intelligence (AI), in particular general-purpose AI. Following the EU AI Act's definition, we consider systemic risks as…

LLM-based coding agents extend their capabilities via third-party agent skills distributed through open marketplaces without mandatory security review. Unlike traditional packages, these skills are executed as operational directives with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Yubin Qu , Yi Liu , Tongcheng Geng , Gelei Deng , Yuekang Li , Leo Yu Zhang , Ying Zhang , Lei Ma

This paper analyzes Large Language Model (LLM) security vulnerabilities based on data from Crucible, encompassing 214,271 attack attempts by 1,674 users across 30 LLM challenges. Our findings reveal automated approaches significantly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Rob Mulla , Ads Dawson , Vincent Abruzzon , Brian Greunke , Nick Landers , Brad Palm , Will Pearce

AI agents have been developed for complex real-world tasks from coding to customer service. But AI agent evaluations suffer from many challenges that undermine our understanding of how well agents really work. We introduce the Holistic…

Clawdbot is a self-hosted, tool-using personal AI agent with a broad action space spanning local execution and web-mediated workflows, which raises heightened safety and security concerns under ambiguity and adversarial steering. We present…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Tianyu Chen , Dongrui Liu , Xia Hu , Jingyi Yu , Wenjie Wang

Autonomous AI agents deployed on platforms such as OpenClaw face prompt injection, memory poisoning, supply-chain attacks, and social engineering, yet existing defences address only the platform perimeter, leaving the agent's own threat…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jiaqi Li , Yang Zhao , Bin Sun , Yang Yu , Jian Chang , Lidong Zhai

Risks associated with the use of AI, ranging from algorithmic bias to model hallucinations, have received much attention and extensive research across the AI community, from researchers to end-users. However, a gap exists in the systematic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Raymond K. Sheh , Karen Geappen

The rapid deployment of LLM-based autonomous agents has introduced safety risks that extend far beyond traditional LLM concerns, prompting a proliferation of safety benchmarks since late 2023. However, these benchmarks have developed…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Miles Q. Li , Benjamin C. M. Fung , Boyang Li , Heba Ismail , Farkhund Iqbal

Recent improvement gains in large language models (LLMs) have lead to everyday usage of AI-based Conversational Agents (CAs). At the same time, LLMs are vulnerable to an array of threats, including jailbreaks and, for example, causing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Kathrin Grosse , Nico Ebert