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Large language models (LLMs) excel at solving problems with clear and complete statements, but often struggle with nuanced environments or interactive tasks which are common in most real-world scenarios. This highlights the critical need…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive promise in code generation, yet their progress remains limited by the shortage of large-scale datasets that are both diverse and well-aligned with human reasoning. Most existing resources…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Amal Abed , Ivan Lukic , Jörg K. H. Franke , Frank Hutter

Large Language Model agents are reshaping the industrial landscape. However, most practical agents remain human-designed because tasks differ widely, making them labor-intensive to build. This situation poses a central question: can we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Zhezheng Hao , Hong Wang , Jian Luo , Jianqing Zhang , Yuyan Zhou , Qiang Lin , Can Wang , Hande Dong , Jiawei Chen

We introduce a novel large language model (LLM)-driven agent framework, which iteratively refines queries and filters contextual evidence by leveraging dynamically evolving knowledge. A defining feature of the system is its decoupling of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Seyoung Song

Measuring the creativity of large language models (LLMs) is essential for designing methods that can improve creativity and for enhancing our scientific understanding of this ability. To accomplish this, it has become common in recent years…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Samuel Schapiro , Alexi Gladstone , Jonah Black , Heng Ji

Answering complex natural language questions often necessitates multi-step reasoning and integrating external information. Several systems have combined knowledge retrieval with a large language model (LLM) to answer such questions. These…

The recent surge of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to claims that they are approaching a level of creativity akin to human capabilities. This idea has sparked a blend of excitement and apprehension. However, a critical piece that has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Antoine Bellemare-Pepin , François Lespinasse , Philipp Thölke , Yann Harel , Kory Mathewson , Jay A. Olson , Yoshua Bengio , Karim Jerbi

Cognitive Reframing, a core element of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), helps individuals reinterpret negative experiences by finding positive meaning. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated improved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Yilin Qi , Dong Won Lee , Cynthia Breazeal , Hae Won Park

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained with reinforcement learning and verifiable rewards have achieved strong results on complex reasoning tasks. Recent work extends this paradigm to a multi-agent setting, where a meta-thinking agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Zhiwei Zhang , Xiaomin Li , Yudi Lin , Hui Liu , Ramraj Chandradevan , Linlin Wu , Minhua Lin , Fali Wang , Xianfeng Tang , Qi He , Suhang Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are being widely applied across various fields, but as tasks become more complex, evaluating their responses is increasingly challenging. Compared to human evaluators, the use of LLMs to support performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Yuran Li , Jama Hussein Mohamud , Chongren Sun , Di Wu , Benoit Boulet

Medical Decision-Making (MDM) is a multi-faceted process that requires clinicians to assess complex multi-modal patient data patient, often collaboratively. Large Language Models (LLMs) promise to streamline this process by synthesizing…

Recently, with the development of tool-calling capabilities in large language models (LLMs), these models have demonstrated significant potential for automating electronic design automation (EDA) flows by interacting with EDA tool APIs via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Haoyuan Wu , Haisheng Zheng , Zhuolun He , Bei Yu

Multi-agent debate (MAD) has gained significant attention as a promising line of research to improve the factual accuracy and reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Despite its conceptual appeal, current MAD research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Hangfan Zhang , Zhiyao Cui , Jianhao Chen , Xinrun Wang , Qiaosheng Zhang , Zhen Wang , Dinghao Wu , Shuyue Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) still struggle with natural language reasoning tasks. Motivated by the society of minds (Minsky, 1988), we propose ReConcile, a multi-model multi-agent framework designed as a round table conference among…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Justin Chih-Yao Chen , Swarnadeep Saha , Mohit Bansal

Despite their impressive capabilities, large language models (LLMs) often face challenges such as temporal misalignment and generating hallucinatory content. Enhancing LLMs with retrieval mechanisms to fetch relevant information from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Yige Shen , Hao Jiang , Hua Qu , Jihong Zhao

Current evaluation methods for large language models (LLMs) primarily rely on static benchmarks, presenting two major challenges: limited knowledge coverage and fixed difficulties that mismatch with the evaluated LLMs. These limitations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Zhichao Shi , Xuhui Jiang , Chengjin Xu , Cangli Yao , Shengjia Ma , Yinghan Shen , Zixuan Li , Jian Guo , Yuanzhuo Wang

Inspired by the dual-process theory of human cognition, we introduce DUMA, a novel conversational agent framework that embodies a dual-mind mechanism through the utilization of two generative Large Language Models (LLMs) dedicated to fast…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Xiaoyu Tian , Liangyu Chen , Na Liu , Yaxuan Liu , Wei Zou , Kaijiang Chen , Ming Cui

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) are Large Language Models (LLMs) explicitly trained to generate long-form Chain-of-Thoughts (CoTs), achieving impressive success on challenging tasks like math and programming. However, their underlying…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are important tools for reasoning and problem-solving, while they often operate passively, answering questions without actively discovering new ones. This limitation reduces their ability to simulate human-like…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Hong Su

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced autonomous agents' planning and decision-making, yet they struggle with complex tasks requiring diverse expertise and multi-step reasoning. Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) systems, introduced in NLP…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Jina Chun , Qihong Chen , Jiawei Li , Iftekhar Ahmed