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Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as the de facto industry standard for user-facing NLP applications, offering the ability to integrate data without re-training or fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs). This capability…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Lukas Ammann , Sara Ott , Christoph R. Landolt , Marco P. Lehmann

As artificial intelligence permeates judicial forensics, ensuring the veracity and traceability of legal question answering (QA) has become critical. Conventional large language models (LLMs) are prone to hallucination, risking misleading…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yueqing Xi , Yifan Bai , Huasen Luo , Weiliang Wen , Hui Liu , Haoliang Li

Large language models (LLMs) integrated with retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems improve accuracy by leveraging external knowledge sources. However, recent research has revealed RAG's susceptibility to poisoning attacks, where the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Baolei Zhang , Haoran Xin , Minghong Fang , Zhuqing Liu , Biao Yi , Tong Li , Zheli Liu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are essential to contemporary AI applications, allowing large language models to obtain external knowledge via vector similarity search. Nevertheless, these systems encounter a significant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Idan Habler , Vineeth Sai Narajala , Stav Koren , Amy Chang , Tiffany Saade

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is gaining recognition as one of the key technological axes for next generation information retrieval, owing to its ability to mitigate the hallucination phenomenon in Large Language Models (LLMs)and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Hyunseok Ryu , Wonjune Shin , Hyun Park

Standard Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems predominantly rely on semantic relevance as a proxy for utility. However, this assumption collapses in realistic decision-making scenarios where user queries are laden with cognitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Peiyang Liu , Qiang Yan , Ziqiang Cui , Di Liang , Xi Wang , Wei Ye

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, yet hallucinations in knowledge-intensive tasks remain a critical challenge. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) addresses this by integrating external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Zhipeng Song , Xiangyu Kong , Xinrui Bao , Yizhi Zhou , Jiulong Jiao , Sitong Liu , Yuhang Zhou , Heng Qi

A Comparison of Independent and Joint Fine-tuning Strategies for Retrieval-Augmented Generation Download PDF Neal Gregory Lawton, Alfy Samuel, Anoop Kumar, Daben Liu Published: 20 Aug 2025, Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) is a popular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Neal Gregory Lawton , Alfy Samuel , Anoop Kumar , Daben Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed various sectors, including education, finance, and medicine, by enhancing content generation and decision-making processes. However, their integration into the medical field is cautious due to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yifan Feng , Hao Hu , Xingliang Hou , Shiquan Liu , Shihui Ying , Shaoyi Du , Han Hu , Yue Gao

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems critically depend on retrieval quality, yet no systematic comparison of modern retrieval methods exists for heterogeneous documents containing both text and tabular data. We benchmark ten…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Meftun Akarsu , Recep Kaan Karaman , Christopher Mierbach

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a prevalent approach to infuse a private knowledge base of documents with Large Language Models (LLM) to build Generative Q\&A (Question-Answering) systems. However, RAG accuracy becomes increasingly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Kunal Sawarkar , Abhilasha Mangal , Shivam Raj Solanki

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a pivotal method for expanding the knowledge of large language models. To handle complex queries more effectively, researchers developed Adaptive-RAG (A-RAG) to enhance the generated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jie Ou , Jinyu Guo , Shuaihong Jiang , Zhaokun Wang , Libo Qin , Shunyu Yao , Wenhong Tian

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) represents a major advancement in natural language processing (NLP), combining large language models (LLMs) with information retrieval systems to enhance factual grounding, accuracy, and contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Agada Joseph Oche , Ademola Glory Folashade , Tirthankar Ghosal , Arpan Biswas

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has proven effective in mitigating hallucinations in large language models by incorporating external knowledge during inference. However, this integration introduces new security vulnerabilities,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Baolei Zhang , Haoran Xin , Jiatong Li , Dongzhe Zhang , Minghong Fang , Zhuqing Liu , Lihai Nie , Zheli Liu

The widespread adoption of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems in real-world applications has heightened concerns about the confidentiality and integrity of their proprietary knowledge bases. These knowledge bases, which play a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Pengcheng Zhou , Yinglun Feng , Zhongliang Yang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a powerful technique to facilitate language model with proprietary and private data, where data privacy is a pivotal concern. Whereas extensive research has demonstrated the privacy risks of large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-03 Shenglai Zeng , Jiankun Zhang , Pengfei He , Yue Xing , Yiding Liu , Han Xu , Jie Ren , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Yi Chang , Jiliang Tang

Despite recent advances, Large Language Models (LLMs) still generate vulnerable code. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has the potential to enhance LLMs for secure code generation by incorporating external security knowledge. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jiahao Shi , Tianyi Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems face significant performance gaps when applied to technical domains requiring precise information extraction from complex documents. Current evaluation methodologies relying on document-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Aryan Jadon , Avinash Patil , Shashank Kumar

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) offers a solution to mitigate hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) by grounding their outputs to knowledge retrieved from external sources. The use of private resources and data in constructing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Xiao Hu , Eric Liu , Weizhou Wang , Xiangyu Guo , David Lie

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge sources to address their limitations in accessing up-to-date or specialized information. A natural strategy to increase the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Song Wang , Zihan Chen , Peng Wang , Zhepei Wei , Zhen Tan , Yu Meng , Cong Shen , Jundong Li
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