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Code generation with large language models (LLMs), often termed vibe coding, is increasingly adopted in production but fails to ensure code quality, particularly in security (e.g., SQL injection vulnerabilities) and maintainability (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Feng Yao , Zilong Wang , Liyuan Liu , Junxia Cui , Li Zhong , Xiaohan Fu , Haohui Mai , Vish Krishnan , Jianfeng Gao , Jingbo Shang

The advent of large language models trained on code (code LLMs) has led to significant progress in language-to-code generation. State-of-the-art approaches in this area combine LLM decoding with sample pruning and reranking using test cases…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Ansong Ni , Srini Iyer , Dragomir Radev , Ves Stoyanov , Wen-tau Yih , Sida I. Wang , Xi Victoria Lin

Retrieval-augmented code generation utilizes Large Language Models as the generator and significantly expands their code generation capabilities by providing relevant code, documentation, and more via the retriever. The current approach…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Xinyu Gao , Yun Xiong , Deze Wang , Zhenhan Guan , Zejian Shi , Haofen Wang , Shanshan Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) was introduced to enhance the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) beyond their encoded prior knowledge. This is achieved by providing LLMs with an external source of knowledge, which helps…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Hazem Amamou , Stéphane Gagnon , Alan Davoust , Anderson R. Avila

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) is a promising approach for training language models (LMs) on reasoning tasks that elicit emergent long chains of thought (CoTs). Unlike supervised learning, it updates the model using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Xinyu Zhu , Mengzhou Xia , Zhepei Wei , Wei-Lin Chen , Danqi Chen , Yu Meng

Recently the retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been successfully applied in code generation. However, existing pipelines for retrieval-augmented code generation (RACG) employ static knowledge bases with a single source, limiting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Hongjin Su , Shuyang Jiang , Yuhang Lai , Haoyuan Wu , Boao Shi , Che Liu , Qian Liu , Tao Yu

Recent advancements in long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning, particularly through the Group Relative Policy Optimization algorithm used by DeepSeek-R1, have led to significant interest in the potential of Reinforcement Learning with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Xumeng Wen , Zihan Liu , Shun Zheng , Shengyu Ye , Zhirong Wu , Yang Wang , Zhijian Xu , Xiao Liang , Junjie Li , Ziming Miao , Jiang Bian , Mao Yang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has shown impressive capability in providing reliable answer predictions and addressing hallucination problems. A typical RAG implementation uses powerful retrieval models to extract external information…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Ziwei Liu , Liang Zhang , Qian Li , Jianghua Wu , Guangxu Zhu

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has recently strengthened LLM reasoning, but its focus on final answer correctness leaves a critical gap: it does not ensure the robustness of the reasoning process itself. We adopt a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Hyunseok Lee , Soheil Abbasloo , Jihoon Tack , Jinwoo Shin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in code generation. However, current evaluation datasets suffer from issues such as the lack of runnable test cases, deviation from the distribution of real-world code,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Haiyang Li

Repository-level code generation remains challenging due to complex code dependencies and the limitations of large language models (LLMs) in processing long contexts. While retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) frameworks are widely adopted,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Wenchao Gu , Juntao Chen , Yanlin Wang , Tianyue Jiang , Xingzhe Li , Mingwei Liu , Xilin Liu , Yuchi Ma , Zibin Zheng

Large language models (LLMs) achieve impressive abilities in numerous domains, but exhibit inconsistent performance in response to minor input changes. Rather than view this as a drawback, in this paper we introduce a novel method for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Uri Dalal , Meirav Segal , Zvika Ben-Haim , Dan Lahav , Omer Nevo

Text-to-Image (T2I) models and Unified Multimodal Models (UMMs) have achieved remarkable progress in visual generation. However, their reliance on a single-pass generation paradigm limits their ability to handle complex prompts requiring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Junjie Wang , Xinghua Lou , Jason Li , Ye Tian , Keyu Chen , Yulin Li , Bin Kang , Jacky Mai , Yanwei Li , Zhuotao Tian , Liqiang Nie

Scaling automated formal verification to real-world projects requires resolving cross-module dependencies and global contexts, which are challenges overlooked by existing function-centric methods. We introduce RagVerus, a framework that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Sicheng Zhong , Jiading Zhu , Yifang Tian , Xujie Si

As large language models (LLMs) scale, their inference incurs substantial computational resources, exposing them to energy-latency attacks, where crafted prompts induce high energy and latency cost. Existing attack methods aim to prolong…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Xingyu Li , Xiaolei Liu , Cheng Liu , Yixiao Xu , Kangyi Ding , Bangzhou Xin , Jia-Li Yin

Pass@k is a widely used performance metric for verifiable large language model tasks, including mathematical reasoning, code generation, and short-answer reasoning. It defines success if any of $k$ independently sampled solutions passes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Anas Barakat , Souradip Chakraborty , Khushbu Pahwa , Amrit Singh Bedi

Current research on large language models (LLMs) with retrieval-augmented code generation (RACG) has largely focused on single-language settings, leaving their cross-lingual effectiveness underexplored. Multilingual RACG systems are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Qiming Zhu , Jialun Cao , Xuanang Chen , Weili Zhang , Yaojie Lu , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Le Sun , Shing-Chi Cheung

Designing Verilog modules requires meticulous attention to correctness, efficiency, and adherence to design specifications. However, manually writing Verilog code remains a complex and time-consuming task that demands both expert knowledge…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Bardia Nadimi , Ghali Omar Boutaib , Hao Zheng

Code generation is crucial in software engineering for automating the coding process efficiently. While test-time computation methods show promise, they suffer from high latency due to multiple computation rounds. To overcome this, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Xiaoqing Zhang , Yuhan Liu , Flood Sung , Xiuying Chen , Shuo Shang , Rui Yan

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) integrates non-parametric knowledge into Large Language Models (LLMs), typically from unstructured texts and structured graphs. While recent progress has advanced text-based RAG to multi-turn reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Yucan Guo , Miao Su , Saiping Guan , Zihao Sun , Xiaolong Jin , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng