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Recent James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations have revealed a population of compact extragalactic objects at $z\gtrsim4$ with red near-infrared colors, which have been dubbed as ``Little Red Dots" (LRDs). The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-09-16 Minghao Yue , Anna-Christina Eilers , Tonima Tasnim Ananna , Christos Panagiotou , Erin Kara , Takamitsu Miyaji

Early JWST studies found an apparent population of massive, compact galaxies at redshifts $z\gtrsim7$. Recently three of these galaxies were shown to have prominent Balmer breaks, demonstrating that their light at $\lambda_{\rm rest} \sim…

JWST observations have identified a class of enigmatic sources known as "Little Red Dots" (LRDs). These have been interpreted as a distinct class of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and host galaxies, potentially involving "quasi-stars" or…

Little Red Dots (LRDs) are compact, point-like sources characterized by their red color and broad Balmer lines, which have been debated to be either dominated by active galactic nuclei (AGN) or dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs). Here we…

Recently, a large number of compact sources at $z > 4$ with blue UV slopes and extremely red rest-frame optical slopes have been found in James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) extragalactic surveys. As a subsample of these sources, commonly…

The James Webb Space telescope has discovered an abundant population of broad line emitters, typical signposts for Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). Many of these sources have red colors and a compact appearance that has led to naming them…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-03-05 M. Volonteri , M. Trebitsch , J. E. Greene , Y. Dubois , C. -A. Dong-Paez , M. Habouzit , A. Lupi , Y. Ma , R. S. Beckmann , P. Dayal , R. Schneider

James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has uncovered a new population of compact objects that show a unique V-shaped spectral energy distribution (SED) in the UV and optical wavelength range. These so-called "little red dots" (LRDs) often…

Recent observations by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have revealed a previously hidden population of extremely bright and compact objects between redshifts of $z \sim 4$ and $z \sim 10$. Given their extreme red colouring in the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-09-23 Jake Feeney , Patrick Kavanagh , John A. Regan

The high redshift 'little red dots' (LRDs) detected with the James Webb Space Telescope are considered to be the cores of emerging galaxies that host active galactic nuclei (AGN). For the first time, we compare LRDs with local compact…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-07 Alister W. Graham , Igor V. Chilingarian , Dieu D. Nguyen , Roberto Soria , Mark Durre , Duncan A. Forbes

Little Red Dots (LRDs) are a newly identified class of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) uncovered by JWST deep surveys. Their enigmatic properties challenge the canonical AGN paradigm and have stimulated ideas on early massive black hole (BH)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-04 Kohei Inayoshi , Luis C. Ho

We present a spectroscopic sample of 23 broad-line AGNs (BLAGNs) at $3\lesssim z\lesssim 6$ selected using F322W2+F444W NIRCam/WFSS grism spectroscopy of the central 100 ${\rm arcmin^2}$ area of the NEXUS survey. Among these BLAGNs, 15 are…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-28 Ming-Yang Zhuang , Junyao Li , Yue Shen , Xiaojing Lin , Alice E. Shapley , Feige Wang , Qiaoya Wu , Qian Yang

The ``Little Red Dots'' (LRDs) are red and compact galaxies detected in JWST deep fields, mainly in the redshift range $z=4-8$. Given their compactness and the inferred stellar masses in the hypothesis that LRDs are starburst galaxies, the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-08-29 Carl Audric Guia , Fabio Pacucci , Dale D. Kocevski

Local active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in dwarf galaxies are often considered as analogs for the earliest supermassive black holes, although their connections require more comprehensive examinations. Motivated by finding the local analogs of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-07 Lulu Bao , Chao-Wei Tsai , Jingwen Wu , Jialai Wang

Little red dots (LRDs) are a newly identified class of broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGN) with a distinctive v-shape spectrum characterized by red optical and blue UV continuum emission. Their high abundance at redshifts of $z\sim6-8$…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-29 Kohei Inayoshi , Jinyi Shangguan , Xian Chen , Luis C. Ho , Zoltan Haiman

James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has revealed a population of red and compact sources at $z \gtrsim 5$ known as ``Little Red Dots'' (LRDs) that are likely active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Here we present a comprehensive study of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-18 Zijian Zhang , Linhua Jiang , Weiyang Liu , Luis C. Ho

We present a sample of 252 broad-line Active Galactic Nuclei (BLAGNs), incorporating 171 newly identified sources, spanning a redshift interval from $z$ = 0.8 to 7.2. We have analyzed spectroscopic data from the NIRSpec instrument aboard…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-04 Caroline Baccus , Xinfeng Xu

We report the discovery of a $z\sim7$ group of galaxies that contains two little red dots (LRDs) just 3.3 kpc apart, along with three potential satellite galaxies, as part of the Canadian NIRISS Unbiased Cluster Survey (CANUCS). The…

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