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The stock market presents a challenging environment for accurately predicting future stock prices due to its intricate and ever-changing nature. However, the utilization of advanced methodologies can significantly enhance the precision of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Luigi Catello , Ludovica Ruggiero , Lucia Schiavone , Mario Valentino

We consider two-state Non-Homogeneous Hidden Markov Models (NHHMMs) for forecasting univariate time series. Given a set of predictors, the time series are modeled via predictive regressions with state dependent coefficients and time-varying…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-31 Constandina Koki , Loukia Meligkotsidou , Ioannis Vrontos

We propose the Gaussian-Linear Hidden Markov model (GLHMM), a generalisation of different types of HMMs commonly used in neuroscience. In short, the GLHMM is a general framework where linear regression is used to flexibly parameterise the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-02 Diego Vidaurre , Laura Masaracchia , Nick Y. Larsen , Lenno R. P. T Ruijters , Sonsoles Alonso , Christine Ahrends , Mark W. Woolrich

Strategic mining attacks, such as selfish mining, exploit blockchain consensus protocols by deviating from honest behavior to maximize rewards. Markov Decision Process (MDP) analysis faces scalability challenges in modern digital economics,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Jichen Li , Lijia Xie , Hanting Huang , Bo Zhou , Binfeng Song , Wanying Zeng , Xiaotie Deng , Xiao Zhang

Robo-advisors (RAs) are automated portfolio management systems that complement traditional financial advisors by offering lower fees and smaller initial investment requirements. While most existing RAs rely on static, one-period allocation…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-15 Tomasz R. Bielecki , Igor Cialenco

There is broad empirical evidence of regime switching in financial markets. The transition between different market regimes is mirrored in correlation matrices, whose time-varying coefficients usually jump higher in highly volatile regimes,…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-04-09 Andrea Bucci , Vito Ciciretti

We introduce a method for policy improvement that interpolates between the greedy approach of value-based reinforcement learning (RL) and the full planning approach typical of model-based RL. The new method builds on the concept of a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-20 Shantanu Thakoor , Mark Rowland , Diana Borsa , Will Dabney , Rémi Munos , André Barreto

Algorithmic trading requires short-term tactical decisions consistent with long-term financial objectives. Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been applied to such problems, but adoption is limited by myopic behaviour and opaque policies. Large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Adam Darmanin , Vince Vella

Recent studies have proposed that one can summarize brain activity into dynamics among a relatively small number of hidden states and that such an approach is a promising tool for revealing brain function. Hidden Markov models (HMMs) are a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-09-02 Takahiro Ezaki , Yu Himeno , Takamitsu Watanabe , Naoki Masuda

Automated equity trading requires converting noisy market and news signals into executable portfolio decisions under risk, turnover, and transaction costs. We propose Hierarchical Reinforced Trader (HRT), a bi-level reinforcement learning…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2026-05-12 Zijie Zhao , Roy E. Welsch

In this paper, we explore the class of the Hidden Semi-Markov Model (HSMM), a flexible extension of the popular Hidden Markov Model (HMM) that allows the underlying stochastic process to be a semi-Markov chain. HSMMs are typically used less…

Applications · Statistics 2023-01-26 Patrick Aschermayr , Konstantinos Kalogeropoulos

The Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is one of the most widely used statistical models for sequential data analysis. One of the key reasons for this versatility is the ability of HMM to deal with missing data. However, standard HMM learning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-04 Binyamin Perets , Mark Kozdoba , Shie Mannor

Reinforcement learning (RL) is currently one of the most prominent methods for optimizing dynamical systems, with breakthrough results across various fields. The framework is based on the concept of a Markov decision process (MDP), leading…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-17 Rene Carmona , Mathieu Lauriere

We present a model-based approach to learning robust runtime monitors for autonomous systems. Runtime monitors play a crucial role in raising the level of assurance by observing system behavior and predicting potential safety violations. In…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Antonina Skurka , Luko van der Maas , Sebastian Junges , Hazem Torfah

The paper investigates the problems of quickest change detection in Markov models and hidden Markov models (HMMs). Sequential observations are taken from a (hidden) Markov model. At some unknown time, an event occurs in the system and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-09 Qi Zhang , Zhongchang Sun , Luis C. Herrera , Shaofeng Zou

Dynamic Portfolio optimization is the process of distribution and rebalancing of a fund into different financial assets such as stocks, cryptocurrencies, etc, in consecutive trading periods to maximize accumulated profits or minimize risks…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-02-15 Kumar Yashaswi

We study model-based reinforcement learning (RL) for episodic Markov decision processes (MDP) whose transition probability is parametrized by an unknown transition core with features of state and action. Despite much recent progress in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-19 Taehyun Hwang , Min-hwan Oh

In this paper, we study the Black-Litterman (BL) asset allocation model (Black and Litterman, 1990) under the hidden truncation skew-normal distribution (Arnold and Beaver, 2000). In particular, when returns are assumed to follow this skew…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2023-10-20 Jungjun Park , Andrew L. Nguyen

Stochastic and soft optimal policies resulting from entropy-regularized Markov decision processes (ER-MDP) are desirable for exploration and imitation learning applications. Motivated by the fact that such policies are sensitive with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Tien Mai , Patrick Jaillet

The realm of High-Frequency Trading (HFT) is characterized by rapid decision-making processes that capitalize on fleeting market inefficiencies. As the financial markets become increasingly competitive, there is a pressing need for…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2023-11-21 Soumyadip Sarkar
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