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The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4o into robotic systems represents a significant advancement in embodied artificial intelligence. These models can process multi-modal prompts, enabling them to generate more…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Wenxiao Zhang , Xiangrui Kong , Conan Dewitt , Thomas Braunl , Jin B. Hong

Cognitive biases, systematic deviations from rationality in judgment, pose significant challenges in generating objective content. This paper introduces a novel approach for real-time cognitive bias detection in user-generated text using…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Frederic Lemieux , Aisha Behr , Clara Kellermann-Bryant , Zaki Mohammed

Aligned LLMs are secure, capable of recognizing and refusing to answer malicious questions. However, the role of internal parameters in maintaining such security is not well understood yet, further these models can be vulnerable to security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Shen Li , Liuyi Yao , Lan Zhang , Yaliang Li

Model pruning, i.e., removing a subset of model weights, has become a prominent approach to reducing the memory footprint of large language models (LLMs) during inference. Notably, popular inference engines, such as vLLM, enable users to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Kazuki Egashira , Robin Staab , Thibaud Gloaguen , Mark Vero , Martin Vechev

AI coding assistants powered by large language models (LLMs) have transformed software development, significantly boosting productivity. While existing benchmarks evaluate the correctness and security of LLM-generated code, they are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Ruchit Rawal , Jeffrey Yang Fan Chiang , Chihao Shen , Jeffery Siyuan Tian , Aastha Mahajan , Tom Goldstein , Yizheng Chen

Application designers have moved to integrate large language models (LLMs) into their products. However, many LLM-integrated applications are vulnerable to prompt injections. While attempts have been made to address this problem by building…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Dennis Jacob , Hend Alzahrani , Zhanhao Hu , Basel Alomair , David Wagner

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable versatility and adaptability, while their widespread adoption across various applications also raises critical safety concerns. This paper focuses on the impact of backdoored LLMs.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jiyang Qiu , Xinbei Ma , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao , Yun Li , Qianren Wang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into many technological ecosystems across various domains and industries, identifying which model is deployed or being interacted with is critical for the security and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Saeif Alhazbi , Ahmed Mohamed Hussain , Gabriele Oligeri , Panos Papadimitratos

The performance of pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) is often sensitive to nuances in prompt templates, requiring careful prompt engineering, adding costs in terms of computing and human effort. In this study, we present experiments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Liang Cheng , Tianyi LI , Zhaowei Wang , Mark Steedman

Although safely enhanced Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in tackling various complex tasks in a zero-shot manner, they remain susceptible to jailbreak attacks, particularly the unknown jailbreak attack. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Fan Liu , Zhao Xu , Hao Liu

Despite efforts to align large language models (LLMs) with human intentions, widely-used LLMs such as GPT, Llama, and Claude are susceptible to jailbreaking attacks, wherein an adversary fools a targeted LLM into generating objectionable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Alexander Robey , Eric Wong , Hamed Hassani , George J. Pappas

Single-turn safety evaluation is a poor proxy for real fraud defense, where attackers escalate across multiple rounds. This paper evaluates fraud defenders under replay and adaptive multi-round attacks and measures when a defender refuses,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Laura Jiang , Reza Ryan , Qian Li , Nasim Ferdosian

Understanding the latent space geometry of large language models (LLMs) is key to interpreting their behavior and improving alignment. Yet it remains unclear to what extent LLMs linearly organize representations related to semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Baturay Saglam , Paul Kassianik , Blaine Nelson , Sajana Weerawardhena , Yaron Singer , Amin Karbasi

Large language models (LLMs) are excellent few-shot learners. They can perform a wide variety of tasks purely based on natural language prompts provided to them. These prompts contain data of a specific downstream task -- often the private…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Haonan Duan , Adam Dziedzic , Mohammad Yaghini , Nicolas Papernot , Franziska Boenisch

Background: Fine-tuning is central to adapting pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) to downstream tasks, but its reliance on training data, parameter updates, and reusable components opens entry points for attackers. Threats have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Wenjuan Li , Yitao Liu , Runze Chen , Rajkumar Buyya

Sophisticated instrumentation for AI systems might have indicators that signal misalignment from human values, not unlike a "check engine" light in cars. One such indicator of misalignment is deceptiveness in generated responses. Future AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Gerard Boxo , Ryan Socha , Daniel Yoo , Shivam Raval

The increasing use of large language models (LLMs) trained by third parties raises significant security concerns. In particular, malicious actors can introduce backdoors through poisoning attacks to generate undesirable outputs. While such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Shuli Jiang , Swanand Ravindra Kadhe , Yi Zhou , Farhan Ahmed , Ling Cai , Nathalie Baracaldo

Large language models (LLMs) struggle with formal domains that require rigorous logical deduction and symbolic reasoning, such as mathematical proof generation. We propose a neuro-symbolic approach that combines LLMs' generative strengths…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Oren Sultan , Eitan Stern , Dafna Shahaf

We explore the ability of large language models (LLMs) to engage in subtle deception through strategically phrasing and intentionally manipulating information. This harmful behavior can be hard to detect, unlike blatant lying or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Atharvan Dogra , Krishna Pillutla , Ameet Deshpande , Ananya B Sai , John Nay , Tanmay Rajpurohit , Ashwin Kalyan , Balaraman Ravindran

The increasing fluency and widespread usage of large language models (LLMs) highlight the desirability of corresponding tools aiding detection of LLM-generated text. In this paper, we identify a property of the structure of an LLM's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Eric Mitchell , Yoonho Lee , Alexander Khazatsky , Christopher D. Manning , Chelsea Finn
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