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Principal component analysis (PCA) is a tool to capture factors that explain variation in data. Across domains, data are now collected across multiple contexts (for example, individuals with different diseases, cells of different types, or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-22 Kexin Wang , Salil Bhate , João M. Pereira , Joe Kileel , Matylda Figlerowicz , Anna Seigal

Geological parameterization enables the representation of geomodels in terms of a relatively small set of variables. Parameterization is therefore very useful in the context of data assimilation and uncertainty quantification. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Yimin Liu , Louis J. Durlofsky

Asymmetric Tensor PCA (ATPCA) is a prototypical model for studying the trade-offs between sample complexity, computation, and memory. Existing algorithms for this problem typically require at least…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shihong Ding , Weicheng Lin , Cong Fang

We revisit the problem of fair principal component analysis (PCA), where the goal is to learn the best low-rank linear approximation of the data that obfuscates demographic information. We propose a conceptually simple approach that allows…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-28 Matthäus Kleindessner , Michele Donini , Chris Russell , Muhammad Bilal Zafar

We survey the mathematical foundations of geometric deep learning, focusing on group equivariant and gauge equivariant neural networks. We develop gauge equivariant convolutional neural networks on arbitrary manifolds $\mathcal{M}$ using…

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a very successful dimensionality reduction technique, widely used in predictive modeling. A key factor in its widespread use in this domain is the fact that the projection of a dataset onto its first…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-19 Xianghui Luo , Robert J. Durrant

We propose MNPCA, a novel non-linear generalization of (2D)$^2${PCA}, a classical linear method for the simultaneous dimension reduction of both rows and columns of a set of matrix-valued data. MNPCA is based on optimizing over separate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-11 Joni Virta , Andreas Artemiou

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a classical method for dimensionality reduction based on extracting the dominant eigenvectors of the sample covariance matrix. However, PCA is well known to behave poorly in the ``large $p$, small $n$''…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-08-26 Arash A. Amini , Martin J. Wainwright

A large number of algorithms in machine learning, from principal component analysis (PCA), and its non-linear (kernel) extensions, to more recent spectral embedding and support estimation methods, rely on estimating a linear subspace from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-08-22 Alessandro Rudi , Guille D. Canas , Lorenzo Rosasco

We propose sparseGeoHOPCA, a novel framework for sparse higher-order principal component analysis (SHOPCA) that introduces a geometric perspective to high-dimensional tensor decomposition. By unfolding the input tensor along each mode and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-11 Renjie Xu , Chong Wu , Maolin Che , Zhuoheng Ran , Yimin Wei , Hong Yan

Representation learning is a pivotal area in the field of machine learning, focusing on the development of methods to automatically discover the representations or features needed for a given task from raw data. Unlike traditional feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Jose Antonio Martin H. , Freddy Perozo , Manuel Lopez

The robust PCA of covariance matrices plays an essential role when isolating key explanatory features. The currently available methods for performing such a low-rank plus sparse decomposition are matrix specific, meaning, those algorithms…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-07 Calypso Herrera , Florian Krach , Anastasis Kratsios , Pierre Ruyssen , Josef Teichmann

Robust principal component analysis (RPCA) is a critical tool in modern machine learning, which detects outliers in the task of low-rank matrix reconstruction. In this paper, we propose a scalable and learnable non-convex approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 HanQin Cai , Jialin Liu , Wotao Yin

Principal component analysis (PCA) represents a standard approach to identify collective variables $\{x_i\}\!=\!\boldsymbol{x}$, which can be used to construct the free energy landscape $\Delta G(\boldsymbol{x})$ of a molecular system.…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2019-05-30 Matthias Post , Steffen Wolf , Gerhard Stock

Evaluating the quality of learned representations without relying on a downstream task remains one of the challenges in representation learning. In this work, we present Geometric Component Analysis (GeomCA) algorithm that evaluates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Petra Poklukar , Anastasia Varava , Danica Kragic

Machine learning problems have an intrinsic geometric structure as central objects including a neural network's weight space and the loss function associated with a particular task can be viewed as encoding the intrinsic geometry of a given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Guruprasad Raghavan , Matt Thomson

Many real world categories are multimodal, with single classes occupying disjoint regions in feature space. Classical linear models (logistic regression, linear SVM) use a single global hyperplane and perform poorly on such data, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Prasanth K K , Shubham Sharma

Autoencoders are a deep learning model for representation learning. When trained to minimize the distance between the data and its reconstruction, linear autoencoders (LAEs) learn the subspace spanned by the top principal directions but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Daniel Kunin , Jonathan M. Bloom , Aleksandrina Goeva , Cotton Seed

Studies of the degrees of freedom or "synergies" in musculoskeletal systems rely critically on algorithms to estimate the "dimension" of kinematic or neural data. Linear algorithms such as principal component analysis (PCA) are used almost…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Robert H. Clewley , John M. Guckenheimer , Francisco J. Valero-Cuevas

The field of geometric deep learning has had a profound impact on the development of innovative and powerful graph neural network architectures. Disciplines such as computer vision and computational biology have benefited significantly from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Alex Morehead , Jianlin Cheng