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The advent of third-generation (3G) gravitational-wave (GW) detectors opens new opportunities for multi-messenger observations of binary neutron star merger events, holding significant potential for probing the history of cosmic expansion.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-07 Tao Han , Ze Li , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

Space-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors will be able to observe signals from sources that are otherwise nearly impossible from current ground-based detection. Consequently, the well established signal detection method, matched…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-17 Tianyu Zhao , Ruoxi Lyu , He Wang , Zhoujian Cao , Zhixiang Ren

In this article, we evaluate the performance of a data-driven background estimate method based on Gaussian Process Regression (GPR). A realistic background spectrum from a search conducted by CMS is considered, where a large sub-region…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-08-20 Jackson Barr , Bingxuan Liu

Direct detection of the Epoch of Reionization via the redshifted 21-cm line will have unprecedented implications on the study of structure formation in the early Universe. To fulfill this promise current and future 21-cm experiments will…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-22 F. Mertens , A. Ghosh , L. V. E. Koopmans

A new synergy between gravitational waves (GWs) and the study of the large-scale structure of the Universe is now emerging. Along this line of research, we combine simulated observations of stellar-origin black hole mergers and neutral…

In the next decades, the gravitational-wave (GW) standard siren observations and the neutral hydrogen 21-cm intensity mapping (IM) surveys, as two promising cosmological probes, will play an important role in precisely measuring…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-15 Shang-Jie Jin , Ling-Feng Wang , Peng-Ju Wu , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

Gaussian processes (GPs) are a class of Kernel methods that have shown to be very useful in geoscience and remote sensing applications for parameter retrieval, model inversion, and emulation. They are widely used because they are simple,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-21 J. Emmanuel Johnson , Valero Laparra , Gustau Camps-Valls

The advanced world-wide network of gravitational waves (GW) observatories is scheduled to begin operations within the current decade. Thanks to their improved sensitivity, they promise to yield a number of detections and thus to open a new…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Walter Del Pozzo

In this article, we consider the general task of performing Gaussian process regression (GPR) on pointwise observations of solutions of the 3 dimensional homogeneous free space wave equation.In a recent article, we obtained promising…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-11-10 Iain Henderson , Pascal Noble , Olivier Roustant

The stochastic cosmological gravitational-wave background (CGWB) provides a direct window to study early universe phenomena and fundamental physics. With the proposed third-generation ground-based gravitational wave detectors, Einstein…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-16 Ashish Sharma , Jan Harms

Proposed space-based gravitational-wave (GW) detectors such as DECIGO and BBO will detect $\sim10^6$ neutron-star (NS) binaries and determine the luminosity distances to the binaries with high precision. Combining the luminosity distances…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Atsushi Nishizawa , Kent Yagi , Atsushi Taruya , Takahiro Tanaka

Gaussian process regression (GPR) is a fundamental model used in machine learning. Owing to its accurate prediction with uncertainty and versatility in handling various data structures via kernels, GPR has been successfully used in various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Yuya Yoshikawa , Tomoharu Iwata

We present a catalog of gravitational wave background (GWB) signal templates from cosmic-string networks, based on relevant models proposed in the literature. We classify templates as conventional, based on standard cosmology and Nambu-Goto…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-08 Androniki Dimitriou , Daniel G. Figueroa , Peera Simakachorn , Bryan Zaldivar

Modifications of General Relativity leave their imprint both on the cosmic expansion history through a non-trivial dark energy equation of state, and on the evolution of cosmological perturbations in the scalar and in the tensor sectors. In…

Gaussian processes (GPs) have been extensively utilized as nonparametric models for component separation in 21 cm data analyses. This exploits the distinct spectral behavior of the cosmological and foreground signals, which are modeled…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-13 Kangning Diao , Richard D. P. Grumitt , Yi Mao

Gaussian process regression (GPR) is a powerful machine learning method which has recently enjoyed wider use, in particular in physical sciences. In its original formulation, GPR uses a square matrix of covariances among training data and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-09-08 Sergei Manzhos , Manabu Ihara

Gravitational wave sources act as absolute distance indicators, making them powerful probes of the present-day expansion rate of the Universe, $H_0$. The cross-correlation method combines gravitational wave events with galaxy catalogues to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-11 Madeline L. Cross-Parkin , Cullan Howlett , Leonardo Giani , Chris Blake , Tamara M. Davis

We investigate uncertainties in the estimation of the Hubble constant ($H_0$) arising from Gaussian Process (GP) reconstruction, demonstrating that the choice of kernel introduces systematic variations comparable to those arising from…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-07 Ruchika , Purba Mukherjee , Arianna Favale

Recently, some theoretical models predicted that a small fraction of fast radio bursts (FRBs) could be associated with gravitational waves (GWs). In this work, we discuss the possibility of using GW/FRB association systems, if commonly…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-27 Jun-Jie Wei , Xue-Feng Wu , He Gao

Gravitational-wave (GW) detectors can contribute to the measurement of cosmological parameters and to testing the dark-energy sector of alternatives to $\Lambda$CDM, by using standard sirens. In this paper we focus on binary neutron stars…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-21 Enis Belgacem , Yves Dirian , Stefano Foffa , Eric J. Howell , Michele Maggiore , Tania Regimbau
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