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Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) aims to infer rewards from observed behavior, but rewards are not identified from the policy alone: many reward--value pairs can rationalize the same actions. Meaningful reward recovery therefore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Lars van der Laan , Nathan Kallus , Aurelien Bibaut

In robotic systems, the performance of reinforcement learning depends on the rationality of predefined reward functions. However, manually designed reward functions often lead to policy failures due to inaccuracies. Inverse Reinforcement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Yongkai Tian , Yirong Qi , Xin Yu , Wenjun Wu , Jie Luo

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) aims to explain observed strategic behavior by fitting reinforcement learning models to behavioral data. However, traditional IRL methods are only applicable when the observations are in the form of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-26 Antti Kangasrääsiö , Samuel Kaski

Inference-time scaling methods rely on Process Reward Models (PRMs), which are often poorly calibrated and overestimate success probabilities. We propose, to our knowledge, the first use of conditional optimal transport for calibrating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Rachel Ma , Dylan Hadfield-Menell , Kristjan Greenewald

We study the problem of Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) with an average-reward criterion. The goal is to recover an unknown policy and a reward function when the agent only has samples of states and actions from an experienced agent.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Feiyang Wu , Jingyang Ke , Anqi Wu

In this paper, we propose a new solution to reward adaptation (RA) in reinforcement learning, where the agent adapts to a target reward function based on one or more existing source behaviors learned a priori under the same domain dynamics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Kevin Vora , Yu Zhang

We consider reinforcement learning in changing Markov Decision Processes where both the state-transition probabilities and the reward functions may vary over time. For this problem setting, we propose an algorithm using a sliding window…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-28 Pratik Gajane , Ronald Ortner , Peter Auer

In recent years, radar systems have advanced significantly, offering environmental adaptation and multi-task capabilities. These developments pose new challenges for electronic intelligence (Elint) and electronic support measures (ESM),…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-29 Hancong Feng , KaiLI Jiang , Bin tang

Passive observational data, such as human videos, is abundant and rich in information, yet remains largely untapped by current RL methods. Perhaps surprisingly, we show that passive data, despite not having reward or action labels, can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Dibya Ghosh , Chethan Bhateja , Sergey Levine

Traditional control and planning for robotic manipulation heavily rely on precise physical models and predefined action sequences. While effective in structured environments, such approaches often fail in real-world scenarios due to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Jin Wang , Weijie Wang , Boyuan Deng , Heng Zhang , Rui Dai , Nikos Tsagarakis

Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) addresses the problem of sequential decision-making by learning optimal policy through pre-collected data, without interacting with the environment. As yet, it has remained somewhat impractical, because…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Maksim Bobrin , Nazar Buzun , Dmitrii Krylov , Dmitry V. Dylov

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) aims to learn a reward function and a corresponding policy that best fit the demonstrated trajectories of an expert. However, current IRL works cannot learn incrementally from an ongoing trajectory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Shicheng Liu , Minghui Zhu

Active learning from demonstration allows a robot to query a human for specific types of input to achieve efficient learning. Existing work has explored a variety of active query strategies; however, to our knowledge, none of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Daniel S. Brown , Yuchen Cui , Scott Niekum

Visual understanding is inherently intention-driven - humans selectively focus on different regions of a scene based on their goals. Recent advances in large multimodal models (LMMs) enable flexible expression of such intentions through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Zhangquan Chen , Xufang Luo , Dongsheng Li

Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) aims to reconstruct the reward function from expert demonstrations to facilitate policy learning, and has demonstrated its remarkable success in imitation learning. To promote expert-like behavior,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Shunyu Liu , Yunpeng Qing , Shuqi Xu , Hongyan Wu , Jiangtao Zhang , Jingyuan Cong , Tianhao Chen , Yunfu Liu , Mingli Song

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) and dynamic discrete choice (DDC) models explain sequential decision-making by recovering reward functions that rationalize observed behavior. Flexible IRL methods typically rely on machine learning but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Lars van der Laan , Aurelien Bibaut , Nathan Kallus

The goal of Bayesian inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) is recovering a posterior distribution over reward functions using a set of demonstrations from an expert optimizing for a reward unknown to the learner. The resulting posterior over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Ondrej Bajgar , Alessandro Abate , Konstantinos Gatsis , Michael A. Osborne

Model-based reinforcement learning (RL) is more sample efficient than model-free RL by using imaginary trajectories generated by the learned dynamics model. When the model is inaccurate or biased, imaginary trajectories may be deleterious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Wenzhen Huang , Qiyue Yin , Junge Zhang , Kaiqi Huang

This paper investigates two fundamental problems that arise when utilizing Intrinsic Motivation (IM) for reinforcement learning in Reward-Free Pre-Training (RFPT) tasks and Exploration with Intrinsic Motivation (EIM) tasks: 1) how to design…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Xiang Zheng , Xingjun Ma , Chao Shen , Cong Wang

Foundation models encode rich structural knowledge but often rely on post-training procedures to adapt their reasoning behavior to specific tasks. Popular approaches such as reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Dake Bu , Wei Huang , Andi Han , Atsushi Nitanda , Bo Xue , Qingfu Zhang , Hau-San Wong , Taiji Suzuki