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With the growing popularity of LLM agents and RAG, it has become increasingly important to retrieve documents that are essential for solving a task, even when their connection to the task is indirect or implicit. Addressing this problem…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Junwei Lan , Jianlyu Chen , Zheng Liu , Chaofan Li , Siqi Bao , Defu Lian

With recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), grounding and referring capabilities have gained increasing attention for achieving detailed understanding and flexible user interaction. However, these capabilities still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Yinan Zhou , Yuxin Chen , Haokun Lin , Yichen Wu , Shuyu Yang , Zhongang Qi , Chen Ma , Li Zhu , Ying Shan

While retrieval techniques are widely used in practice, they still face significant challenges in cross-domain scenarios. Recently, generation-augmented methods have emerged as a promising solution to this problem. These methods enhance raw…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Chaofan Li , Zheng Liu , Jianlyv Chen , Defu Lian , Yingxia Shao

In-context learning (ICL) empowers generative models to address new tasks effectively and efficiently on the fly, without relying on any artificially crafted optimization techniques. In this paper, we study extending ICL to address a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Fan Wang , Chuan Lin , Yang Cao , Yu Kang

In-context learning (ICL) has transformed the use of large language models (LLMs) for NLP tasks, enabling few-shot learning by conditioning on labeled examples without finetuning. Despite its effectiveness, ICL is prone to errors,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Mario Sanz-Guerrero , Katharina von der Wense

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses large language model (LLM) hallucinations by grounding responses in external knowledge, but its effectiveness is compromised by poor-quality retrieved contexts containing irrelevant or noisy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jiale Deng , Yanyan Shen , Ziyuan Pei , Youmin Chen , Linpeng Huang

LLMs excel in localized code completion but struggle with repository-level tasks due to limited context windows and complex semantic and structural dependencies across codebases. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates context…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Xingliang Wang , Baoyi Wang , Chen Zhi , Junxiao Han , Xinkui Zhao , Jianwei Yin , Shuiguang Deng

We propose RecaLLM, a set of reasoning language models post-trained to make effective use of long-context information. In-context retrieval, which identifies relevant evidence from context, and reasoning are deeply intertwined: retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Kyle Whitecross , Negin Rahimi

Recent studies show the growing significance of document retrieval in the generation of LLMs, i.e., RAG, within the scientific domain by bridging their knowledge gap. However, dense retrievers often struggle with domain-specific retrieval…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Fengyu Cai , Xinran Zhao , Tong Chen , Sihao Chen , Hongming Zhang , Iryna Gurevych , Heinz Koeppl

Naive Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) focuses on individual documents during retrieval and, as a result, falls short in handling networked documents which are very popular in many applications such as citation graphs, social media, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Yuntong Hu , Zhihan Lei , Zheng Zhang , Bo Pan , Chen Ling , Liang Zhao

In-context learning (ICL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for Large Visual Language Models (LVLMs), enabling them to leverage a few examples directly from input contexts. However, the effectiveness of this approach is heavily reliant on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Zihua Wang , Jiarui Wang , Haiyang Xu , Ming Yan , Fei Huang , Xu Yang , Xiu-Shen Wei , Siya Mi , Yu Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) can perform a new task by merely conditioning on task instructions and a few input-output examples, without optimizing any parameters. This is called In-Context Learning (ICL). In-context Information Extraction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Chaoxu Pang , Yixuan Cao , Qiang Ding , Ping Luo

Traditional retrieval methods rely on transforming user queries into vector representations and retrieving documents based on cosine similarity within an embedding space. While efficient and scalable, this approach often fails to handle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Felix Faltings , Wei Wei , Yujia Bao

Differentiable Search Indices (DSIs) encode a corpus of documents in model parameters and use the same model to answer user queries directly. Despite the strong performance of DSI models, deploying them in situations where the corpus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Sanket Vaibhav Mehta , Jai Gupta , Yi Tay , Mostafa Dehghani , Vinh Q. Tran , Jinfeng Rao , Marc Najork , Emma Strubell , Donald Metzler

Modern HPC file systems can contain billions of files and hundreds of petabytes of data, making even simple questions increasingly intractable to answer. Traditional file system utilities such as find and du fail to scale to these sizes.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Haochen Pan , Ryan Chard , Song Young Oh , Maxime Gonthier , Valérie Hayot-Sasson , Geoffrey Lentner , Joe Bottigliero , Rachana Ananthakrishnan , Kyle Chard , Ian Foster

Recently, a new paradigm called Differentiable Search Index (DSI) has been proposed for document retrieval, wherein a sequence-to-sequence model is learned to directly map queries to relevant document identifiers. The key idea behind DSI is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Yubao Tang , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Jiangui Chen , Zuowei Zhu , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Xueqi Cheng

Recent advancements in long-context language models (LCLMs) promise to transform Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) by simplifying pipelines. With their expanded context windows, LCLMs can process entire knowledge bases and perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yifu Qiu , Varun Embar , Yizhe Zhang , Navdeep Jaitly , Shay B. Cohen , Benjamin Han

Generative document retrieval, an emerging paradigm in information retrieval, learns to build connections between documents and identifiers within a single model, garnering significant attention. However, there are still two challenges: (1)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Yong Guan , Dingxiao Liu , Jinchen Ma , Hao Peng , Xiaozhi Wang , Lei Hou , Ru Li

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) equips large language models (LLMs) with reliable knowledge memory. To strengthen cross-text associations, recent research integrates graphs and hypergraphs into RAG to capture pairwise and multi-entity…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xingliang Hou , Yuyan Liu , Qi Sun , haoxiu wang , Hao Hu , Shaoyi Du , Zhiqiang Tian

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has shown promising potential in knowledge intensive question answering (QA). However, existing approaches only consider the query itself, neither specifying the retrieval preferences for the retrievers…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhongwu Chen , Chengjin Xu , Dingmin Wang , Zhen Huang , Yong Dou , Xuhui Jiang , Jian Guo