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Unit test generation has become a promising and important Large Language Model (LLM) use case. However, existing evaluation benchmarks for LLM unit test generation focus on function- or class-level code (single-file) rather than more…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yibo Wang , Congying Xia , Wenting Zhao , Jiangshu Du , Chunyu Miao , Zhongfen Deng , Philip S. Yu , Chen Xing

Unit tests play a vital role in uncovering potential faults in software. While tools like EvoSuite focus on maximizing code coverage, recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shifted attention toward LLM-based test generation.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Guancheng Wang , Qinghua Xu , Lionel Briand , Kui Liu

Generative AI is gaining increasing attention in software engineering, where testing remains an indispensable reliability mechanism. According to the widely adopted testing pyramid, unit tests constitute the majority of test cases and are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Jakub Walczak , Piotr Tomalak , Artur Laskowski

Hallucinations in large language models (LLMs), defined as fluent yet incorrect or incoherent outputs, pose a significant challenge to the automatic generation of educational multiple-choice questions (MCQs). We identified four key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Nicholas X. Wang , Aggelos K. Katsaggelos

Existing LLM-based automatic test generation methods mainly produce input and expected output pairs to categorize the intended behavior of correct programs. Although straightforward, these methods have limited diversity in generated tests…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yujian Liu , Jiabao Ji , Yang Zhang , Wenbo Guo , Tommi Jaakkola , Shiyu Chang

Generating tests automatically is a key and ongoing area of focus in software engineering research. The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened up new opportunities, given their ability to perform a wide spectrum of tasks.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Azat Abdullin , Pouria Derakhshanfar , Annibale Panichella

LLMs promise to transform unit test generation from a manual burden into an automated solution. Yet, beyond metrics such as compilability or coverage, little is known about the quality of LLM-generated tests, particularly their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Wendkûuni C. Ouédraogo , Yinghua Li , Xueqi Dang , Xunzhu Tang , Anil Koyuncu , Jacques Klein , David Lo , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

Search-based test generators are effective at producing unit tests with high coverage. However, such automatically generated tests have no meaningful test and variable names, making them hard to understand and interpret by developers. On…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Matteo Biagiola , Gianluca Ghislotti , Paolo Tonella

Software testing is an essential part of the software development cycle to improve the code quality. Typically, a unit test consists of a test prefix and a test oracle which captures the developer's intended behaviour. A known limitation of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Michael Konstantinou , Renzo Degiovanni , Mike Papadakis

Automated test generation is crucial for ensuring the reliability and robustness of software applications while at the same time reducing the effort needed. While significant progress has been made in test generation research, generating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Shaker Mahmud Khandaker , Fitsum Kifetew , Davide Prandi , Angelo Susi

Automated unit test generation is critical for software quality but traditional structure-driven methods often lack the semantic understanding required to produce realistic inputs and oracles. Large language models (LLMs) address this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Bei Chu , Yang Feng , Kui Liu , Zhaoqiang Guo , Yichi Zhang , Hange Shi , Zifan Nan , Baowen Xu

The usage of Large Language Models (LLMs) for software and test development has continued to increase since LLMs were first introduced, but only recently have the expectations of LLMs become more realistic. Verifying the correctness of code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Zachariah Sollenberger , Rahul Patel , Saieda Ali Zada , Sunita Chandrasekaran

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code generation tasks. However, repository-level code generation presents unique challenges, particularly due to the need to utilize information spread across…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Zhiyuan Pan , Xing Hu , Xin Xia , Xiaohu Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown tremendous promise in automated software engineering. In this paper, we investigate the opportunities of LLMs for automatic regression test generation for programs that take highly structured,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Jing Liu , Seongmin Lee , Eleonora Losiouk , Marcel Böhme

Automated unit test generation aims to improve software quality while reducing the time and effort required for creating tests manually. However, existing techniques primarily generate regression oracles that predicate on the implemented…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Adam Bodicoat , Gunel Jahangirova , Valerio Terragni

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant potential in automating code generation tasks offering new opportunities across software engineering domains. However, their practical application remains limited due to hallucinations -…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Marc Pavel , Nenad Petrovic , Lukasz Mazur , Vahid Zolfaghari , Fengjunjie Pan , Alois Knoll

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced automated test generation, yet existing methods often rely on ground-truth code for verification, risking bug propagation and limiting applicability in test-driven development. We…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Hamed Taherkhani , Alireza DaghighFarsoodeh , Mohammad Chowdhury , Hung Viet Pham , Hadi Hemmati

Unit testing is essential in detecting bugs in functionally-discrete program units. Manually writing high-quality unit tests is time-consuming and laborious. Although traditional techniques can generate tests with reasonable coverage, they…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Zhiqiang Yuan , Yiling Lou , Mingwei Liu , Shiji Ding , Kaixin Wang , Yixuan Chen , Xin Peng

Unit tests play a vital role in the software development lifecycle. Recent advances in Large Language Model (LLM)-based approaches have significantly improved automated test generation, garnering attention from both academia and industry.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Shuaiyu Zhou , Zhengran Zeng , Xiaoling Zhou , Rui Xie , Shikun Zhang , Wei Ye

Unit testing is crucial in software engineering for ensuring quality. However, it's not widely used in parallel and high-performance computing software, particularly scientific applications, due to their smaller, diverse user base and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Rabimba Karanjai , Aftab Hussain , Md Rafiqul Islam Rabin , Lei Xu , Weidong Shi , Mohammad Amin Alipour