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Because each indoor site has its own radio propagation characteristics, a site survey process is essential to optimize a Wi-Fi ranging strategy for range-based positioning solutions. This paper studies an unsupervised learning technique…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Jeongsik Choi

CSI (Channel State Information) of WiFi systems contains the environment channel response between the transmitter and the receiver, so the people/objects and their movement in between can be sensed. To get CSI, the receiver performs channel…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Xianjun Jiao , Michael Mehari , Wei Liu , Muhammad Aslam , Ingrid Moerman

Accurate channel state information (CSI) underpins reliable and efficient wireless communication. However, acquiring CSI via pilot estimation incurs substantial overhead, especially in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Guangming Liang , Mingjie Yang , Dongzhu Liu , Paul Henderson , Lajos Hanzo

In wireless communication, accurate channel state information (CSI) is of pivotal importance. In practice, due to processing and feedback delays, estimated CSI can be outdated, which can severely deteriorate the performance of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-02 Muhammad Karam Shehzad , Luca Rose , Mohamad Assaad

Wi-Fi sensing is gaining momentum as a non-intrusive and privacy-preserving alternative to vision-based systems for human identification. However, person identification through wireless signals, particularly without user motion, remains…

Detection and interpretation of human activities have emerged as a challenging healthcare problem in areas such as assisted living and remote monitoring. Besides traditional approaches that rely on wearable devices and camera systems, WiFi…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2017-12-14 Bo Tan , Qingchao Chen , Kevin Chetty , Karl Woodbridge , Wenda Li , Robert Piechocki

In the field of artificial intelligence, self-supervised learning has demonstrated superior generalization capabilities by leveraging large-scale unlabeled datasets for pretraining, which is especially critical for wireless communication…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-04 Jun Jiang , Wenjun Yu , Yunfan Li , Yuan Gao , Shugong Xu

In this paper, we consider people counting and localization systems exploiting channel state information (CSI) measured from commodity WiFi network interface cards (NICs). While CSI has useful information of amplitude and phase to describe…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jihoon Cha , Hwanjin Kim , Junil Choi

The reciprocity of channel state information (CSI) collected by two devices communicating over a wireless channel has been leveraged to provide security solutions to resource-limited IoT devices. Despite the extensive research that has been…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-14 Nora Basha , Bechir Hamdaoui

WiFi sensing has emerged as a compelling contactless modality for human activity monitoring by capturing fine-grained variations in Channel State Information (CSI). Its ability to operate continuously and non-intrusively while preserving…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-21 Guozhen Zhu , Yuqian Hu , Weihang Gao , Wei-Hsiang Wang , Beibei Wang , K. J. Ray Liu

We propose a software-defined testbed for Wi-Fi channel-state information (CSI) acquisition. This testbed features distributed software-defined radios (SDRs) and a custom IEEE 802.11a software stack that enables the passive collection of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-11 Frederik Zumegen , Christoph Studer

WiFi sensing based on channel state information (CSI) collected from commodity WiFi devices has shown great potential across a wide range of applications, including vital sign monitoring and indoor localization. Existing WiFi sensing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-14 Ruiqi Kong , He Chen

In recent years, Channel State Information (CSI), recognized for its fine-grained spatial characteristics, has attracted increasing attention in WiFi-based indoor localization. However, despite its potential, CSI-based approaches have yet…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Tianyu Zhang , Dongheng Zhang , Ruixu Geng , Xuecheng Xie , Shuai Yang , Yan Chen

RF fingerprinting leverages circuit-level variability of transmitters to identify them using signals they send. Signals used for identification are impacted by a wireless channel and receiver circuitry, creating additional impairments that…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-13 Samer Hanna , Samurdhi Karunaratne , Danijela Cabric

Building upon the foundational work of the Bachelor's Degree Thesis titled "Analysis and Characterization of Wi-Fi Channel State Information'', this thesis significantly advances the research by conducting an in-depth analysis of CSIs,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Elena Tonini

Wi-Fi sensing technology enables non-intrusive, continuous monitoring of user locations and activities, which supports diverse smart home applications. Since different sensing tasks exhibit contextual relationships, their integration can…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-17 Mengning Li , Wenye Wang

In this article, we present a survey of recent advances in passive human behaviour recognition in indoor areas using the channel state information (CSI) of commercial WiFi systems. Movement of human body causes a change in the wireless…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-25 Siamak Yousefi , Hirokazu Narui , Sankalp Dayal , Stefano Ermon , Shahrokh Valaee

The Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) is ubiquitously available on commodity WiFi devices but is commonly regarded as too coarse for fine-grained sensing. This paper revisits its sensing potential and presents WiRSSI, a bistatic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-25 Zhongqin Wang , J. Andrew Zhang , Kai Wu , Y. Jay Guo

Knowledge of information about the propagation channel in which a wireless system operates enables better, more efficient approaches for signal transmissions. Therefore, channel state information (CSI) plays a pivotal role in the system…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Zhiyuan Jiang , Sheng Chen , Andreas F. Molisch , Rath Vannithamby , Sheng Zhou , Zhisheng Niu

Using commodity WiFi data for applications such as indoor localization, object identification and tracking and channel sounding has recently gained considerable attention. We study the problem of channel impulse response (CIR) estimation…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Mahdi Barzegar Khalilsarai , Benedikt Gross , Stelios Stefanatos , Gerhard Wunder , Giuseppe Caire