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Authorship attribution has become increasingly accurate, posing a serious privacy risk for programmers who wish to remain anonymous. In this paper, we introduce SHIELD to examine the robustness of different code authorship attribution…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Mohammed Abuhamad , Changhun Jung , David Mohaisen , DaeHun Nyang

We introduce a family of information leakage measures called maximal $(\alpha,\beta)$-leakage (M$\alpha$beL), parameterized by real numbers $\alpha$ and $\beta$ greater than or equal to 1. The measure is formalized via an operational…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Atefeh Gilani , Gowtham R. Kurri , Oliver Kosut , Lalitha Sankar

Recent advancements in music generation are raising multiple concerns about the implications of AI in creative music processes, current business models and impacts related to intellectual property management. A relevant discussion and…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-07 Roser Batlle-Roca , Wei-Hsiang Liao , Xavier Serra , Yuki Mitsufuji , Emilia Gómez

Despite longstanding criticism from the privacy community, k-anonymity remains a widely used standard for data anonymization, mainly due to its simplicity, regulatory alignment, and preservation of data utility. However, non-experts often…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Somiya Chhillar , Mary K. Righi , Rebecca E. Sutter , Evgenios M. Kornaropoulos

Auditing the privacy leakage of synthetic data is an important but unresolved problem. Existing privacy auditing frameworks for synthetic data rely on heuristics and unrealistic assumptions about model access, offering limited ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Joshua Ward , Chi-Hua Wang , Guang Cheng

Since the seminal work from F. Cohen in the eighties, abstract virology has seen the apparition of successive viral models, all based on Turing-equivalent formalisms. But considering recent malware such as rootkits or k-ary codes, these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-04-20 Gregoire Jacob , Eric Filiol , Herve Debar

Authorship identification is the process of identifying and classifying authors through given codes. Authorship identification can be used in a wide range of software domains, e.g., code authorship disputes, plagiarism detection, exposure…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Wei Wang , Guozhu Meng , Haoyu Wang , Kai Chen , Weimin Ge , Xiaohong Li

Effective attribution of Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) increasingly hinges on the ability to correlate behavioral patterns and reason over complex, varied threat intelligence artifacts. We present AURA (Attribution Using…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Nanda Rani , Sandeep Kumar Shukla

The ability to identify the author responsible for a given software object is critical for many research studies and for enhancing software transparency and accountability. However, as opposed to other application markets like iOS,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Kaspar Hageman , Álvaro Feal , Julien Gamba , Aniketh Girish , Jakob Bleier , Martina Lindorfer , Juan Tapiador , Narseo Vallina-Rodriguez

Determining the family to which a malicious file belongs is an essential component of cyberattack investigation, attribution, and remediation. Performing this task manually is time consuming and requires expert knowledge. Automated tools…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Robert J. Joyce , Derek Everett , Maya Fuchs , Edward Raff , James Holt

Malware detection and classification into families are critical tasks in cybersecurity, complicated by the continual evolution of malware to evade detection. This evolution introduces concept drift, in which the statistical properties of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Olha Jurečková , Martin Jureček

The source code of a program not only defines its semantics but also contains subtle clues that can identify its author. Several studies have shown that these clues can be automatically extracted using machine learning and allow for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Micha Horlboge , Erwin Quiring , Roland Meyer , Konrad Rieck

Malware family classification is a significant issue with public safety and research implications that has been hindered by the high cost of expert labels. The vast majority of corpora use noisy labeling approaches that obstruct definitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Robert J. Joyce , Dev Amlani , Charles Nicholas , Edward Raff

Network and system security are incredibly critical issues now. Due to the rapid proliferation of malware, traditional analysis methods struggle with enormous samples. In this paper, we propose four easy-to-extract and small-scale features,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Zhenshuo Chen , Eoin Brophy , Tomas Ward

Authorship attribution techniques are increasingly being used in online contexts such as sock puppet detection, malicious account linking, and cross-platform account linking. Yet, it is unknown whether these models perform equitably across…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Jasmin Wyss , Rebekah Overdorf

Attributing APT (Advanced Persistent Threat) malware to their respective groups is crucial for threat intelligence and cybersecurity. However, APT adversaries often conceal their identities, rendering attribution inherently adversarial.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yuxia Sun , Huihong Chen , Jingcai Guo , Aoxiang Sun , Zhetao Li , Haolin Liu

This work proposes a structural approach to concept drift detection in malware classification using decision tree rulesets. Classifiers are trained across temporal windows on the EMBER2024 dataset, and drift is quantified by comparing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Tomáš Kalný , Martin Jureček , Mark Stamp

This work focuses on a specific front of the malware detection arms-race, namely the detection of persistent, disk-resident malware. We exploit normalised compression distance (NCD), an information theoretic measure, applied directly to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-02-27 Nadia Alshahwan , Earl T. Barr , David Clark , George Danezis

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for cybersecurity threat analysis, but their deployment in security-sensitive environments raises trust and safety concerns. With over 21,000 vulnerabilities disclosed in 2025, manual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Reza Fayyazi , Michael Zuzak , Shanchieh Jay Yang

This paper is our attempt at answering a twofold question covering the areas of ethics and authorship analysis. Firstly, since the methods used for performing authorship analysis imply that an author can be recognized by the content he or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Jagna Nieuwazny , Karol Nowakowski , Michal Ptaszynski , Fumito Masui