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Related papers: Localizing Memorized Regions in Diffusion Models v…

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When do diffusion models reproduce their training data, and when are they able to generate samples beyond it? A practically relevant theoretical understanding of this interplay between memorization and generalization may significantly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Sam Buchanan , Druv Pai , Yi Ma , Valentin De Bortoli

Deep neural networks are over-parameterized and easily overfit the datasets they train on. In the extreme case, it has been shown that these networks can memorize a training set with fully randomized labels. We propose using the curvature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Isha Garg , Deepak Ravikumar , Kaushik Roy

Large-scale text-to-image diffusion models excel in generating high-quality images from textual inputs, yet concerns arise as research indicates their tendency to memorize and replicate training data, raising We also addressed the issue of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Ruchika Chavhan , Ondrej Bohdal , Yongshuo Zong , Da Li , Timothy Hospedales

Diffusion models power leading generative AI, but when and how they memorize training data, especially on low-dimensional manifolds, remains unclear. We find memorization emerges gradually, not abruptly: as data become scarce, diffusion…

In this paper, we introduce a geometric framework to analyze memorization in diffusion models through the sharpness of the log probability density. We mathematically justify a previously proposed score-difference-based memorization metric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Dongjae Jeon , Dueun Kim , Albert No

Diffusion models generate high-quality samples but can also memorize training data, raising serious privacy concerns. Understanding the mechanisms governing when memorization versus generalization occurs remains an active area of research.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Nick Dodson , Xinyu Gao , Qingsong Wang , Yusu Wang , Zhengchao Wan

Diffusion models (DMs) memorize training images and can reproduce near-duplicates during generation. Current detection methods identify verbatim memorization but fail to capture two critical aspects: quantifying partial memorization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Jimmy Z. Di , Yiwei Lu , Yaoliang Yu , Gautam Kamath , Adam Dziedzic , Franziska Boenisch

Despite their success in image generation, diffusion models can memorize training data, raising serious privacy and copyright concerns. Although prior work has sought to characterize, detect, and mitigate memorization, the fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Juyeop Kim , Songkuk Kim , Jong-Seok Lee

While diffusion models excel at generating high-quality images, their tendency to memorize training data poses significant privacy and copyright risks. In this work, we for the first time identify that memorization induces internal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yuanmin Huang , Mi Zhang , Chen Chen , Feifei Li , Geng Hong , Xiaoyu You , Min Yang

Text-to-image diffusion models (DMs) have achieved remarkable success in image generation. However, concerns about data privacy and intellectual property remain due to their potential to inadvertently memorize and replicate training data.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Antoni Kowalczuk , Dominik Hintersdorf , Lukas Struppek , Kristian Kersting , Adam Dziedzic , Franziska Boenisch

Diffusion models excel at generating high-quality, diverse samples, yet they risk memorizing training data when overfit to the training objective. We analyze the distinctions between memorization and generalization in diffusion models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Zekai Zhang , Xiao Li , Xiang Li , Lianghe Shi , Meng Wu , Molei Tao , Qing Qu

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success across diverse domains, but they remain vulnerable to memorization -- reproducing training data rather than generating novel outputs. This not only limits their creative potential but also…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-10 Zeqi Ye , Qijie Zhu , Molei Tao , Minshuo Chen

The recovery of training data from generative models ("model inversion") has been extensively studied for diffusion models in the data domain as a memorization/overfitting phenomenon. Latent diffusion models (LDMs), which operate on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Mingxing Rao , Bowen Qu , Daniel Moyer

Recent works have shown that diffusion models are able to memorize training images and emit them at generation time. However, the metrics used to evaluate memorization and its mitigation techniques suffer from dataset-dependent biases and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Nicky Kriplani , Minh Pham , Gowthami Somepalli , Chinmay Hegde , Niv Cohen

We characterize how memorization is represented in transformer models and show that it can be disentangled in the weights of both language models (LMs) and vision transformers (ViTs) using a decomposition based on the loss landscape…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Jack Merullo , Srihita Vatsavaya , Lucius Bushnaq , Owen Lewis

Diffusion models are state-of-the-art tools for various generative tasks. Yet training these models involves estimating high-dimensional score functions, which in principle suffers from the curse of dimensionality. It is therefore important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Georg A. Gottwald , Shuigen Liu , Youssef Marzouk , Sebastian Reich , Xin T. Tong

Diffusion-based models, such as the Stable Diffusion model, have revolutionized text-to-image synthesis with their ability to produce high-quality, high-resolution images. These advancements have prompted significant progress in image…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Ali Naseh , Jaechul Roh , Amir Houmansadr

Recent breakthroughs in diffusion models have exhibited exceptional image-generation capabilities. However, studies show that some outputs are merely replications of training data. Such replications present potential legal challenges for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Yuxin Wen , Yuchen Liu , Chen Chen , Lingjuan Lyu

Diffusion models are central to modern generative modeling, and understanding how they balance memorization and generalization is critical for reliable deployment. Recent work has shown that memorization in diffusion models is shaped by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Bingqing Jiang , Difan Zou

The past few years have witnessed substantial advances in image generation powered by diffusion models. However, it was shown that diffusion models are susceptible to training data memorization, raising significant concerns regarding…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Zhe Ma , Qingming Li , Xuhong Zhang , Tianyu Du , Ruixiao Lin , Zonghui Wang , Shouling Ji , Wenzhi Chen
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