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Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated exceptional generalization capabilities for downstream tasks. Due to its efficiency, prompt learning has gradually become a more effective and efficient method for transferring VLMs to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chenhao Ding , Xinyuan Gao , Songlin Dong , Jizhou Han , Qiang Wang , Zhengdong Zhou , Yuhang He , Yihong Gong

A key challenge in evaluating VLMs is testing models' ability to analyze visual content independently from their textual priors. Recent benchmarks such as BLINK probe visual perception through visual prompting, where questions about visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Haiwen Feng , Long Lian , Lisa Dunlap , Jiahao Shu , XuDong Wang , Renhao Wang , Trevor Darrell , Alane Suhr , Angjoo Kanazawa

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as Flamingo and GPT-4V, have shown immense potential by integrating large language models with vision systems. Nevertheless, these models face challenges in the fundamental computer vision task of object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Michael Dorkenwald , Nimrod Barazani , Cees G. M. Snoek , Yuki M. Asano

In-context learning (ICL) allows large models to adapt to tasks using a few examples, yet its extension to vision-language models (VLMs) remains fragile. Our analysis reveals that the fundamental limitation lies in an inductive gap, models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Haoyu Wang , Haonan Wang , Yuyan Chen , Jun Chen , Gang Liu , Qian Wang , Jiahong Yan , Yanghua Xiao

Vision-language models (VLMs) can learn high-quality representations from a large-scale training dataset of image-text pairs. Prompt learning is a popular approach to fine-tuning VLM to adapt them to downstream tasks. Despite the satisfying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zhifang Zhang , Yuwei Niu , Xin Liu , Beibei Li

In the era of large-scale foundation models, fully fine-tuning pretrained networks for each downstream task is often prohibitively resource-intensive. Prompt tuning offers a lightweight alternative by introducing tunable prompts while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jaekyun Park , Hye Won Chung

Vision-language models (VLMs) pre-trained on web-scale datasets have demonstrated remarkable capabilities on downstream tasks when fine-tuned with minimal data. However, many VLMs rely on proprietary data and are not open-source, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Shihong Liu , Zhiqiu Lin , Samuel Yu , Ryan Lee , Tiffany Ling , Deepak Pathak , Deva Ramanan

Single-point annotation is increasingly prominent in visual tasks for labeling cost reduction. However, it challenges tasks requiring high precision, such as the point-prompted instance segmentation (PPIS) task, which aims to estimate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Zhaoyang Wei , Xumeng Han , Xuehui Yu , Xue Yang , Guorong Li , Zhenjun Han , Jianbin Jiao

Traditional approaches to off-road autonomy rely on separate models for terrain classification, height estimation, and quantifying slip or slope conditions. Utilizing several models requires training each component separately, having task…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Abdelmoamen Nasser , Yousef Baba'a , Murad Mebrahtu , Nadya Abdel Madjid , Jorge Dias , Majid Khonji

We revisit and advance visual prompting (VP), an input prompting technique for vision tasks. VP can reprogram a fixed, pre-trained source model to accomplish downstream tasks in the target domain by simply incorporating universal prompts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Aochuan Chen , Yuguang Yao , Pin-Yu Chen , Yihua Zhang , Sijia Liu

Vision-language (VL) Pre-training (VLP) has shown to well generalize VL models over a wide range of VL downstream tasks, especially for cross-modal retrieval. However, it hinges on a huge amount of image-text pairs, which requires tedious…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Zixin Guo , Tzu-Jui Julius Wang , Selen Pehlivan , Abduljalil Radman , Jorma Laaksonen

In-context prompting in large language models (LLMs) has become a prevalent approach to improve zero-shot capabilities, but this idea is less explored in the vision domain. Existing visual prompting methods focus on referring segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Feng Li , Qing Jiang , Hao Zhang , Tianhe Ren , Shilong Liu , Xueyan Zou , Huaizhe Xu , Hongyang Li , Chunyuan Li , Jianwei Yang , Lei Zhang , Jianfeng Gao

Large-scale vision-language models (VLMs), trained on extensive datasets of image-text pairs, exhibit strong multimodal understanding capabilities by implicitly learning associations between textual descriptions and image regions. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Mir Rayat Imtiaz Hossain , Mennatullah Siam , Leonid Sigal , James J. Little

Vision-language models have achieved remarkable success in cross-modal understanding. Yet, these models remain limited to object-level or region-level grounding, lacking the capability for pixel-precise keypoint comprehension through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Matan Rusanovsky , Shimon Malnick , Shai Avidan

As powerful pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP gain prominence, numerous studies have attempted to combine VLMs for downstream tasks. Among these, prompt learning has been validated as an effective method for adapting to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Yu Du , Tong Niu , Rong Zhao

While large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and PaLM have demonstrated remarkable performance in various language understanding and generation tasks, their capabilities in complex reasoning and intricate knowledge utilization still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Haodi Zhang , Min Cai , Xinhe Zhang , Chen Jason Zhang , Rui Mao , Kaishun Wu

Large-scale models trained on extensive datasets, have emerged as the preferred approach due to their high generalizability across various tasks. In-context learning (ICL), a popular strategy in natural language processing, uses such models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Jiahao Zhang , Bowen Wang , Liangzhi Li , Yuta Nakashima , Hajime Nagahara

Prompt learning represents a promising method for adapting pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) to various downstream tasks by learning a set of text embeddings. One challenge inherent to these methods is the poor generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Fangming Cui , Xun Yang , Chao Wu , Liang Xiao , Xinmei Tian

Deep-learning pipelines for microscopy image classification often require expensive, labor- and time-intensive expert annotation to produce high-quality ground truth for training. Recent work has shown that prompt tuning of vision-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Abhiram Kandiyana , Ankur Mali , Lawrence O. Hall , Peter R. Mouton , Dmitry Goldgof

While existing large vision-language multimodal models focus on whole image understanding, there is a prominent gap in achieving region-specific comprehension. Current approaches that use textual coordinates or spatial encodings often fail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Mu Cai , Haotian Liu , Dennis Park , Siva Karthik Mustikovela , Gregory P. Meyer , Yuning Chai , Yong Jae Lee