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Most Large Language Model (LLM) agent memory systems rely on a small set of static, hand-designed operations for extracting memory. These fixed procedures hard-code human priors about what to store and how to revise memory, making them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Haozhen Zhang , Quanyu Long , Jianzhu Bao , Tao Feng , Weizhi Zhang , Haodong Yue , Wenya Wang

Recent works have highlighted the significance of memory mechanisms in LLM-based agents, which enable them to store observed information and adapt to dynamic environments. However, evaluating their memory capabilities still remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Haoran Tan , Zeyu Zhang , Chen Ma , Xu Chen , Quanyu Dai , Zhenhua Dong

Modern agentic systems allow Large Language Model (LLM) agents to tackle complex tasks through extensive tool usage, forming structured control flows of tool selection and execution. Existing security analyses often treat these control…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhenlin Xu , Xiaogang Zhu , Yu Yao , Minhui Xue , Yiliao Song

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly expected to maintain coherent, long-term personalized memory, yet current benchmarks primarily measure static fact retrieval, overlooking the ability to revise stored beliefs when new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Hanxiang Chao , Yihan Bai , Rui Sheng , Tianle Li , Yushi Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to automate software generation in embedded machine learning workflows, yet their outputs often fail silently or behave unpredictably. This article presents an empirical investigation of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Roberto Morabito , Guanghan Wu

Jailbreak attacks on large language models (LLMs) aim to induce LLMs to produce content that they are expected to refuse. Automated black-box jailbreak generation is especially important for safety evaluation, where the attacker observes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Junke Zhang , Jianwei Wang , Sishuo Chen , Yizhang He , Qingshuai Feng , Zhengyi Yang

Memory emerges as the core module in the large language model (LLM)-based agents for long-horizon complex tasks (e.g., multi-turn dialogue, game playing, scientific discovery), where memory can enable knowledge accumulation, iterative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yanchen Wu , Tenghui Lin , Yingli Zhou , Fangyuan Zhang , Qintian Guo , Xun Zhou , Sibo Wang , Xilin Liu , Yuchi Ma , Yixiang Fang

Recent works on context and memory benchmarking have primarily focused on conversational instances but the need for evaluating memory in dynamic enterprise environments is crucial for its effective application. We introduce MEMTRACK, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Darshan Deshpande , Varun Gangal , Hersh Mehta , Anand Kannappan , Rebecca Qian , Peng Wang

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) as interactive agents has exposed a category of behavioral failure that prevailing terminology, principally hallucination, fails to adequately characterize. This paper introduces LLM Psychosis…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Ashutosh Raj

Under a unified operational definition, we define LLM memory as a persistent state written during pretraining, finetuning, or inference that can later be addressed and that stably influences outputs. We propose a four-part taxonomy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Dianxing Zhang , Wendong Li , Kani Song , Jiaye Lu , Gang Li , Liuchun Yang , Sheng Li

Existing Large Language Models (LLMs) usually remain static after deployment, which might make it hard to inject new knowledge into the model. We aim to build models containing a considerable portion of self-updatable parameters, enabling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yu Wang , Yifan Gao , Xiusi Chen , Haoming Jiang , Shiyang Li , Jingfeng Yang , Qingyu Yin , Zheng Li , Xian Li , Bing Yin , Jingbo Shang , Julian McAuley

Recent large language model (LLM)-driven chat assistant systems have integrated memory components to track user-assistant chat histories, enabling more accurate and personalized responses. However, their long-term memory capabilities in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Di Wu , Hongwei Wang , Wenhao Yu , Yuwei Zhang , Kai-Wei Chang , Dong Yu

Existing evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) on static benchmarks is vulnerable to data contamination and leaderboard overfitting, critical issues that obscure true model capabilities. To address this, we introduce LLMEval-Fair, a…

Understanding how and why large language models (LLMs) fail is becoming a central challenge as models rapidly evolve and static evaluations fall behind. While automated probing has been enabled by dynamic test generation, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Yue Huang , Zhengzhe Jiang , Yuchen Ma , Yu Jiang , Xiangqi Wang , Yujun Zhou , Yuexing Hao , Kehan Guo , Pin-Yu Chen , Stefan Feuerriegel , Xiangliang Zhang

Despite impressive results on curated benchmarks, the practical impact of large language models (LLMs) on research-level neural theorem proving and proof autoformalization is still limited. We introduce RLMEval, an evaluation suite for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Auguste Poiroux , Antoine Bosselut , Viktor Kunčak

Agentic memory systems enable large language model (LLM) agents to maintain state across long interactions, supporting long-horizon reasoning and personalization beyond fixed context windows. Despite rapid architectural development, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Dongming Jiang , Yi Li , Songtao Wei , Jinxin Yang , Ayushi Kishore , Alysa Zhao , Dingyi Kang , Xu Hu , Feng Chen , Qiannan Li , Bingzhe Li

Autonomous agent systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities in automating complex tasks. However, current evaluations largely rely on success rates without systematically analyzing the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ruofan Lu , Yichen Li , Yintong Huo

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly operate in settings where a single context window is far too small to capture what has happened, what was learned, and what should not be repeated. Memory -- the ability to persist, organize,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Pengfei Du

LLM-based agents increasingly operate in persistent environments where they must store, update, and reason over information across many sessions. While prior benchmarks evaluate only single-entity updates, MEME defines six tasks spanning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Seokwon Jung , Alexander Rubinstein , Arnas Uselis , Sangdoo Yun , Seong Joon Oh

Safety evaluations of memory-equipped LLM agents typically measure within-task safety: whether an agent completes a single scenario safely, often under adversarial conditions such as prompt injection or memory poisoning. In deployment,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ahmad Al-Tawaha , Shangding Gu , Peizhi Niu , Ruoxi Jia , Ming Jin