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This paper explores a novel paradigm in low-bit (i.e. 4-bits or lower) quantization, differing from existing state-of-the-art methods, by framing optimal quantization as an architecture search problem within convolutional neural networks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Róisín Luo , Alexandru Drimbarean , James McDermott , Colm O'Riordan

Quantization-Aware Training (QAT), combined with Knowledge Distillation (KD), holds immense promise for compressing models for edge deployment. However, joint optimization for precision-sensitive image restoration (IR) to recover visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 S. M. A. Sharif , Abdur Rehman , Seongwan Kim , Jaeho Lee

Implicit Neural Representations (INRs) leverage neural networks to map coordinates to corresponding signals, enabling continuous and compact representations. This paradigm has driven significant advances in various vision tasks. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Sukhun Ko , Seokhyun Youn , Dahyeon Kye , Kyle Min , Chanho Eom , Jihyong Oh

Vision-Language Models such as CLIP exhibit strong zero-shot recognition capability by aligning images with textual concepts, yet they often underperform on multi-label recognition where multiple objects co-exist. A key bottleneck is that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Akang Wang , Xili Deng , Zhanxuan Hu , Yi Zhao , Yonghang Tai , Huafeng Li

Decoder-only Transformers often struggle with complex reasoning tasks, particularly arithmetic reasoning requiring multiple sequential operations. In this work, we identify representation collapse in the model's intermediate layers as a key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Md Rifat Arefin , Gopeshh Subbaraj , Nicolas Gontier , Yann LeCun , Irina Rish , Ravid Shwartz-Ziv , Christopher Pal

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) exhibits strong zero-shot classification ability on various image-level tasks, leading to the research to adapt CLIP for pixel-level open-vocabulary semantic segmentation without additional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Lin Sun , Jiale Cao , Jin Xie , Xiaoheng Jiang , Yanwei Pang

The multi-reference alignment (MRA) problem entails estimating an image from multiple noisy and rotated copies of itself. If the noise level is low, one can reconstruct the image by estimating the missing rotations, aligning the images, and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-17 Noam Janco , Tamir Bendory

Computed tomography (CT) enterography is a primary imaging modality for assessing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet the representational choices that best support automated analysis of this modality are unknown. We present the first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Cristian Minoccheri , Emily Wittrup , Kayvan Najarian , Ryan Stidham

Current Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) excel at many zero-shot tasks like image captioning, visual question answering and OCR. However, these same models suffer from poor performance at image classification tasks, underperforming…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Adhemar de Senneville , Xavier Bou , Jérémy Anger , Rafael Grompone , Gabriele Facciolo

Visually impaired users face significant challenges in daily information access and real-time environmental perception, and there is an urgent need for intelligent assistive systems with accurate recognition capabilities. Although…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed on edge devices under strict computation and quantization constraints, yet their security implications remain unclear. We study query-based knowledge extraction from quantized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Ao Ding , Hongzong Li , Zi Liang , Zhanpeng Shi , Shuxin Zhuang , Shiqin Tang , Rong Feng , Ping Lu

Despite rapid advances in speech recognition, current models remain brittle to superficial perturbations to their inputs. Small amounts of noise can destroy the performance of an otherwise state-of-the-art model. To harden models against…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-19 Davis Liang , Zhiheng Huang , Zachary C. Lipton

Video Large Language Models (VideoLLMs) excel at video understanding tasks where outputs are textual, such as Video Question Answering and Video Captioning. However, they underperform specialized embedding-based models in Retrieval tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Rohit Gupta , Jayakrishnan Unnikrishnan , Fan Fei , Sheng Liu , Son Tran , Mubarak Shah

Large-scale pretrained vision-language models like CLIP have demonstrated remarkable zero-shot image classification capabilities across diverse domains. To enhance CLIP's performance while preserving the zero-shot paradigm, various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Xuefeng Hu , Ke Zhang , Min Sun , Albert Chen , Cheng-Hao Kuo , Ram Nevatia

Contrastive losses yield state-of-the-art performance for person re-identification, face verification and few shot learning. They have recently outperformed the cross-entropy loss on classification at the ImageNet scale and outperformed all…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Bharti Munjal , Sikandar Amin , Fabio Galasso

Large Language Model (LLM) unlearning aims to remove targeted knowledge from a trained model, but practical deployments often require post-training quantization (PTQ) for efficient inference. However, aggressive low-bit PTQ can mask…

Deep learning-based image compression (LIC) has achieved state-of-the-art rate-distortion (RD) performance, yet deploying these models on resource-constrained FPGAs remains a major challenge. This work presents a complete, multi-stage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Jiaxun Fang , Li Chen

QLoRA reduces the memory-cost of fine-tuning a large language model (LLM) with LoRA by quantizing the base LLM. However, quantization introduces quantization errors that negatively impact model performance after fine-tuning. In this paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Neal Lawton , Aishwarya Padmakumar , Judith Gaspers , Jack FitzGerald , Anoop Kumar , Greg Ver Steeg , Aram Galstyan

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have significantly advanced Image Super-Resolution (SR), yet most CNN-based methods rely solely on pixel-based transformations, often leading to artifacts and blurring, particularly under severe…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Bingwen Hu , Heng Liu , Zhedong Zheng , Ping Liu

Entropy coding is widely used in typical learned image compression (LIC) that converts latents into a compact bitstream. However, entropy coding is typically sequential and becomes the coding latency bottleneck. To overcome it, we present…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Hao Cao , Wenqi Guo , Zhijin Qin , Jungong Han