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Synaptic plasticity poses itself as a powerful method of self-regulated unsupervised learning in neural networks. A recent resurgence of interest has developed in utilizing Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) together with synaptic plasticity…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Samuel Schmidgall , Joe Hays

Most reinforcement learning (RL) methods only focus on learning a single task from scratch and are not able to use prior knowledge to learn other tasks more effectively. Context-based meta RL techniques are recently proposed as a possible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Xu Han , Feng Wu

Stably placing an object in a multi-object scene is a fundamental challenge in robotic manipulation, as placements must be penetration-free, establish precise surface contact, and result in a force equilibrium. To assess stability, existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Philippe Nadeau , Miguel Rogel , Ivan Bilić , Ivan Petrović , Jonathan Kelly

Recent developments in machine-learning algorithms have led to impressive performance increases in many traditional application scenarios of artificial intelligence research. In the area of deep reinforcement learning, deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-16 Malte Schilling , Helge Ritter , Frank W. Ohl

Non-stationary environments are challenging for reinforcement learning algorithms. If the state transition and/or reward functions change based on latent factors, the agent is effectively tasked with optimizing a behavior that maximizes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Lucas N. Alegre , Ana L. C. Bazzan , Bruno C. da Silva

Reinforcement Learning (RL) of robotic manipulation skills, despite its impressive successes, stands to benefit from incorporating domain knowledge from control theory. One of the most important properties that is of interest is control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Shahbaz Abdul Khader , Hang Yin , Pietro Falco , Danica Kragic

Reinforcement learning (RL) excels in various applications but struggles in dynamic environments where the underlying Markov decision process evolves. Continual reinforcement learning (CRL) enables RL agents to continually learn and adapt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Xue Yang , Michael Schukat , Junlin Lu , Patrick Mannion , Karl Mason , Enda Howley

Dealing with non-stationarity in environments (e.g., in the transition dynamics) and objectives (e.g., in the reward functions) is a challenging problem that is crucial in real-world applications of reinforcement learning (RL). While most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Fan Feng , Biwei Huang , Kun Zhang , Sara Magliacane

Reinforcement learning (RL) training is inherently unstable due to factors such as moving targets and high gradient variance. Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) and Reinforcement Learning from AI Feedback (RLAIF) can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Ju-Seung Byun , Andrew Perrault

Continual reinforcement learning must balance retention with adaptation, yet many methods still rely on \emph{single-model preservation}, committing to one evolving policy as the main reusable solution across tasks. Even when a previously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Lute Lillo , Nick Cheney

Operating in the real-world often requires agents to learn about a complex environment and apply this understanding to achieve a breadth of goals. This problem, known as goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (GCRL), becomes especially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Christopher Hoang , Sungryull Sohn , Jongwook Choi , Wilka Carvalho , Honglak Lee

Massively parallel GPU simulation environments have accelerated reinforcement learning (RL) research by enabling fast data collection for on-policy RL algorithms like Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO). To maximize throughput, it is common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Sid Bharthulwar , Stone Tao , Hao Su

In this work, we present a novel learning-based framework that combines the local accuracy of contrastive learning with the global consistency of geometric approaches, for robust non-rigid matching. We first observe that while contrastive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Lei Li , Souhaib Attaiki , Maks Ovsjanikov

We propose a novel way to integrate control techniques with reinforcement learning (RL) for stability, robustness, and generalization: leveraging contraction theory to realize modularity in neural control, which ensures that combining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Bing Song , Jean-Jacques Slotine , Quang-Cuong Pham

Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a principled way to enhance the reasoning capabilities of large language models, yet its effectiveness hinges on training signals that remain informative as models evolve. In practice, RL progress often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Caijun Xu , Changyi Xiao , Zhongyuan Peng , Xinrun Wang , Yixin Cao

Recurrent neural policies are widely used in partially observable control and meta-RL tasks. Their abilities to maintain internal memory and adapt quickly to unseen scenarios have offered them unparalleled performance when compared to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jin Li , Yue Wu , Mengsha Huang , Yuhao Sun , Hao He , Xianyuan Zhan

Post-training paradigms for Large Language Models (LLMs), primarily Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Learning (RL), face a fundamental dilemma: SFT provides stability (low variance) but suffers from high fitting bias, while RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Taojie Zhu , Dongyang Xu , Ding Zou , Sen Zhao , Qiaobo Hao , Zhiguo Yang , Yonghong He

The objective of lifelong reinforcement learning (RL) is to optimize agents which can continuously adapt and interact in changing environments. However, current RL approaches fail drastically when environments are non-stationary and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Kevin Lu , Aditya Grover , Pieter Abbeel , Igor Mordatch

Deep neural networks have shown remarkable performance when trained on independent and identically distributed data from a fixed set of classes. However, in real-world scenarios, it can be desirable to train models on a continuous stream of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Nicolas Michel , Giovanni Chierchia , Romain Negrel , Jean-François Bercher , Toshihiko Yamasaki

Continual learning is a learning paradigm that learns tasks sequentially with resources constraints, in which the key challenge is stability-plasticity dilemma, i.e., it is uneasy to simultaneously have the stability to prevent catastrophic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Yajing Kong , Liu Liu , Zhen Wang , Dacheng Tao