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The majority of modern communication systems adopts quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellations as transmission schemes. Due to their square structure, however, QAM do not provide satisfying protection to phase noise effects as the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-12-07 Paul Ferrand , Marco Maso , Valerio Bioglio

Post-training quantization offers an efficient pathway to deploy super-resolution models, yet existing methods treat weight and activation quantization independently, missing their critical interplay. Through controlled experiments on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-12 Hongjun Wang , Jiyuan Chen , Xuan Song , Yinqiang Zheng

The emergence of accurate open large language models (LLMs) has led to a race towards performant quantization techniques which can enable their execution on end-user devices. In this paper, we revisit the problem of "extreme" LLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Vage Egiazarian , Andrei Panferov , Denis Kuznedelev , Elias Frantar , Artem Babenko , Dan Alistarh

In this paper, the problem of designing a linear precoder for Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems in conjunction with Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is addressed. First, a novel and efficient methodology to evaluate the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-03-10 Thomas Ketseoglou , Ender Ayanoglu

Large language models (LLMs) excel at natural language tasks but face deployment challenges due to their growing size outpacing GPU memory advancements. Model quantization mitigates this issue by lowering weight and activation precision,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Shizhuo Mao , Song Chen , Yi Kang

Reed-Muller (RM) codes have undergone significant analytical advancements over the past decade, particularly for binary memoryless symmetric (BMS) channels. We extend the scope of RM codes development and analysis to multiple-access…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Dina Abdelhadi , Colin Sandon , Emmanuel Abbe , Ruediger Urbanke

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing tasks. However, their practical deployment is hindered by their immense memory and computation requirements. Although recent post-training quantization (PTQ)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Wenqi Shao , Mengzhao Chen , Zhaoyang Zhang , Peng Xu , Lirui Zhao , Zhiqian Li , Kaipeng Zhang , Peng Gao , Yu Qiao , Ping Luo

Weight-only quantization is important for compressing Large Language Models (LLMs). Inspired by the spirit of classical magnitude pruning, we study whether the magnitude of weight updates during reasoning-incentivized fine-tuning can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Nan Zhang , Eugene Kwek , Yusen Zhang , Muyu Pan , Suhang Wang , Prasenjit Mitra , Rui Zhang

Post-training model quantization is a widely adopted technique for reducing the memory and computational costs of large language models (LLMs). However, most existing methods rely on uniform or heuristic bitwidth assignments, failing to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Chao Zhang , Li Wang , Samson Lasaulce , Merouane Debbah

One approach to reducing the massive costs of large language models (LLMs) is the use of quantized or sparse representations for training or deployment. While post-training compression methods are very popular, the question of obtaining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Andrei Panferov , Jiale Chen , Soroush Tabesh , Roberto L. Castro , Mahdi Nikdan , Dan Alistarh

Large language models (LLMs) are omnipresent, however their practical deployment is challenging due to their ever increasing computational and memory demands. Quantization is one of the most effective ways to make them more compute and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Yelysei Bondarenko , Riccardo Del Chiaro , Markus Nagel

Deploying large language models (LLMs) is challenging due to their massive parameters and high computational costs. Ultra low-bit quantization can significantly reduce storage and accelerate inference, but extreme compression (i.e., mean…

Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a promising technique for mitigating memory consumption and computational costs in large language models (LLMs). However, a systematic examination of various quantization schemes, model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Zhewei Yao , Xiaoxia Wu , Cheng Li , Stephen Youn , Yuxiong He

Quantizing large language models has become a standard way to reduce their memory and computational costs. Typically, existing methods focus on breaking down the problem into individual layer-wise sub-problems, and minimizing per-layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Vladimir Malinovskii , Andrei Panferov , Ivan Ilin , Han Guo , Peter Richtárik , Dan Alistarh

We introduce ReALLM, a novel approach for compression and memory-efficient adaptation of pre-trained language models that encompasses most of the post-training quantization and fine-tuning methods for a budget of <4 bits. Pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Louis Leconte , Lisa Bedin , Van Minh Nguyen , Eric Moulines

The demand for efficient deployment of large language models (LLMs) has driven interest in quantization, which reduces inference cost, and parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT), which lowers training overhead. This motivated the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Hyesung Jeon , Seojune Lee , Beomseok Kang , Yulhwa Kim , Jae-Joon Kim

The quantization of large language models (LLMs) has been a prominent research area aimed at enabling their lightweight deployment in practice. Existing research about LLM's quantization has mainly explored the interplay between weights and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Yifei Gao , Jie Ou , Lei Wang , Jun Cheng , Mengchu Zhou

Existing large language models (LLMs) evaluations use fixed-difficulty benchmarks that cannot adapt as models improve, and rarely isolate specific cognitive processes. We introduce Working Memory Fidelity-Active Manipulation (WMF-AM), a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Dengzhe Hou , Lingyu Jiang , Deng Li , Zirui Li , Fangzhou Lin , Kazunori D Yamada

Post-training quantization is essential for deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on resource-constrained devices. However, standard integer quantization (e.g., INT4) fundamentally degrades performance by imposing a uniform grid on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Vladimer Khasia

Recent works on compression of large language models (LLM) using quantization considered reparameterizing the architecture such that weights are distributed on the sphere. This demonstratively improves the ability to quantize by increasing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Tycho F. A. van der Ouderaa , Maximilian L. Croci , Agrin Hilmkil , James Hensman
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