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The quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is a high temperature state of matter produced in the collisions of two nuclei at relativistic energies. The properties of this matter at short distance scales are probed using jets with high transverse momentum…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-02-07 Abraham Holtermann , Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler , Anne M. Sickles , Xiaoning Wang

We review key measurements performed by CMS in the context of its heavy ion physics program, using event samples collected in 2010-2018 with several collision systems and energies. These studies provide detailed macroscopic and microscopic…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2025-04-09 CMS Collaboration

In collider experiments, an event is characterized by two distinct yet mutually complementary features: the `global features' and the `local features'. Kinematic information such as the event topology of a hard process, masses, and spins of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-11-29 Kayoung Ban , Kyoungchul Kong , Myeonghun Park , Seong Chan Park

We develop and implement two realizations of quantum graph neural networks (QGNN), applied to the task of particle interaction simulation. The first QGNN is a speculative quantum-classical hybrid learning model that relies on the ability to…

Convolutional Neural Nets, which is a powerful method of Deep Learning, is applied to classify equation of state of heavy-ion collision event generated within the UrQMD model. Event-by-event transverse momentum and azimuthal angle…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-07-23 Yu. Kvasiuk , E. Zabrodin , L. Bravina , I. Didur , M. Frolov

Events are happening in real-world and real-time, which can be planned and organized for occasions, such as social gatherings, festival celebrations, influential meetings or sports activities. Social media platforms generate a lot of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-04-05 Hao Peng , Jianxin Li , Yangqiu Song , Renyu Yang , Rajiv Ranjan , Philip S. Yu , Lifang He

Rare events are essential for understanding the behavior of non-equilibrium and industrial systems. It is of ongoing interest to develop methods for effectively searching for rare events. With the advent of quantum computing and its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Alissa Wilms , Laura Ohff , Andrea Skolik , Jens Eisert , Sumeet Khatri , David A. Reiss

The determination of charged particle trajectories in collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is an important but challenging problem, especially in the high interaction density conditions expected during the future…

Unsupervised feature extraction algorithms form one of the most important building blocks in machine learning systems. These algorithms are often adapted to the event-based domain to perform online learning in neuromorphic hardware.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Saeed Afshar , Ying Xu , Jonathan Tapson , André van Schaik , Gregory Cohen

Having access to the parton-level kinematics is important for understanding the internal dynamics of particle collisions. Here, we present new results aiming to an efficient reconstruction of parton collisions using machine-learning…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-10-10 German F. R. Sborlini , David F. Rentería-Estrada , Roger J. Hernández-Pinto , Pia Zurita

The impact parameter is one of the crucial physical quantities of heavy-ion collisions (HICs), and can affect obviously many observables at the final state, such as the multifragmentation and the collective flow. Usually, it cannot be…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-10-28 Fupeng Li , Yongjia Wang , Hongliang Lü , Pengcheng Li , Qingfeng Li , Fanxin Liu

The experiments at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN generate vast amounts of complex data from high-energy particle collisions. This data presents significant challenges due to its volume and complex reconstruction, necessitating the use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 A. Verdone , A. Devoto , C. Sebastiani , J. Carmignani , M. D'Onofrio , S. Giagu , S. Scardapane , M. Panella

There is now a substantial body of evidence that a deconfined quark-gluon plasma is created in ultrarelativistic collisions of heavy nuclei. Some key observables which are used to gauge the production of the quark-gluon plasma are the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-01-24 Michael Strickland

We present a quantum enhanced tagger to identify jets with large Lorentz boost at colliders. For the first time, a convolutional quantum graph neural network (QGNN) is designed to discriminate boosted jets arising from hadronic decays of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-19 Parichehr Kangaziankangazi , Abideh Jafari , Maurizio Pierini , Hamed Bakhshiansohi

The utilisation of event cameras represents an important and swiftly evolving trend aimed at addressing the constraints of traditional video systems. Particularly within the automotive domain, these cameras find significant relevance for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Kamil Jeziorek , Piotr Wzorek , Krzysztof Blachut , Andrea Pinna , Tomasz Kryjak

The task of reconstructing particles from low-level detector response data to predict the set of final state particles in collision events represents a set-to-set prediction task requiring the use of multiple features and their correlations…

Dynamic GNN inference has exhibited effectiveness in High Energy Physics (HEP) experiments at High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) due to strong capability to model complex particle interactions in collision events. Future HEP…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Davendra Maharaj , Tu Pham , Peter Meiring , Kyungmin Park , Sena Durgut , Cong Hao , Matteo Cremonesi

The longitudinal structure of the quark-gluon plasma(QGP) remains a key challenge in heavy-ion physics. In this Letter, we propose a novel observable, event-by-event mean transverse momentum fluctuations Var$_{\langle p_{T} \rangle}$, which…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-11-17 Lu-Meng Liu , Jinhui Chen , Xu-Guang Huang , Jiangyong Jia , Chun Shen , Chunjian Zhang

A phenomenological analysis of the experimental measurements of transverse momentum spectra of identified charged hadrons and strange hyperons in Pb-Pb and Xe-Xe collisions at the LHC is presented. The analysis is based on the relativistic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-12-21 L. Vermunt , Y. Seemann , A. Dubla , S. Floerchinger , E. Grossi , A. Kirchner , S. Masciocchi , I. Selyuzhenkov

State-of-the-art Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved tremendous success in social event detection tasks when restricted to a closed set of events. However, considering the large amount of data needed for training a neural network and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Jiaqian Ren , Lei Jiang , Hao Peng , Yuwei Cao , Jia Wu , Philip S. Yu , Lifang He