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Memory-augmented LLM agents offer an appealing shortcut to continual learning: rather than updating model parameters, they accumulate experience in external memory, seemingly sidestepping the stability-plasticity dilemma of parametric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Qisheng Hu , Quanyu Long , Wenya Wang

Autonomous coding agents are increasingly integrated into software development workflows, offering capabilities that extend beyond code suggestion to active system interaction and environment management. OpenClaw, a representative platform…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Fazhong Liu , Zhuoyan Chen , Tu Lan , Haozhen Tan , Zhenyu Xu , Xiang Li , Guoxing Chen , Yan Meng , Haojin Zhu

As large language models (LLMs) grow more capable, they face growing vulnerability to sophisticated jailbreak attacks. While developers invest heavily in alignment finetuning and safety guardrails, researchers continue publishing novel…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Boyuan Chen , Minghao Shao , Abdul Basit , Siddharth Garg , Muhammad Shafique

Equipping agents with memory is essential for solving real-world long-horizon problems. However, most existing agent memory mechanisms rely on static and hand-crafted workflows. This limits the performance and generalization ability of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Yupeng Huo , Yaxi Lu , Zhong Zhang , Haotian Chen , Yankai Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are seeing significant adoption in every type of organization due to their exceptional generative capabilities. However, LLMs are found to be vulnerable to various adversarial attacks, particularly prompt…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Md. Ahsan Ayub , Subhabrata Majumdar

Recent research has shown that large language models (LLMs) are particularly vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Since the release of ChatGPT, various industries are adopting LLM-based chatbots and virtual assistants in their data workflows.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Ivan A. Fernandez , Subash Neupane , Sudip Mittal , Shahram Rahimi

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is a popular method for aligning Language Models (LM) with human values and preferences. RLHF requires a large number of preference pairs as training data, which are often used in both the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Tim Baumgärtner , Yang Gao , Dana Alon , Donald Metzler

Autonomous driving systems increasingly rely on multi-agent architectures powered by large language models (LLMs), where specialized agents collaborate to perceive, reason, and plan. A key component of these systems is the shared function…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yuzhen Long , Songze Li

Foundation models rely on in-context learning for personalized decision making. The limited size of this context window necessitates memory compression and retrieval systems like RAG. These systems however often treat memory as large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Vishnu Sashank Dorbala , Dinesh Manocha

Large language models (LLMs) are often fine-tuned on uncurated text datasets that adversaries can poison. Existing poisoning attacks primarily rely on fixed trigger phrases that defenses such as outlier detection, clean-data regularization,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Zedian Shao , Charles Fleming , Teodora Baluta

With the increase in machine learning (ML) applications in different domains, incentives for deceiving these models have reached more than ever. As data is the core backbone of ML algorithms, attackers shifted their interest toward…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Kshitiz Aryal , Maanak Gupta , Mahmoud Abdelsalam

Agentic AI has been a topic of great interest recently. A Large Language Model (LLM) agent involves one or more LLMs in the back-end. In the front end, it conducts autonomous decision-making by combining the LLM outputs with results…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Yuntong Zhang , Sungmin Kang , Ruijie Meng , Marcel Böhme , Abhik Roychoudhury

Backdoor attacks pose a serious threat to the secure deployment of large language models (LLMs), enabling adversaries to implant hidden behaviors triggered by specific inputs. However, existing methods often rely on manually crafted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Yige Li , Zhe Li , Wei Zhao , Nay Myat Min , Hanxun Huang , Xingjun Ma , Jun Sun

Current evaluations of tool-integrated LLM agents typically focus on end-to-end tool-usage evaluation while neglecting their stability. This limits their real-world applicability, as various internal or external factors can cause agents to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Weimin Xiong , Ke Wang , Yifan Song , Hanchao Liu , Sai Zhou , Wei Peng , Sujian Li

With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), numerous mature applications of LLMs have emerged in the field of content safety detection. However, we have found that LLMs exhibit blind trust in safety detection agents. The…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Yupeng Ren

Long-term memory is essential for persistent LLM agents, yet prevailing architectures store historical interactions as unstructured, flat text. This unconstrained storage induces provenance-role collapse, a critical failure mode where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zhengda Jin , Bingbing Wang , Jing Li , Ruifeng Xu , Min Zhang

Information systems enable many organizational processes in every industry. The efficiencies and effectiveness in the use of information technologies create an unintended byproduct: misuse by existing users or somebody impersonating them -…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Eduardo Lopez , Kamran Sartipi

LLM-powered embodied agents have shown success on conventional object-rearrangement tasks, but providing personalized assistance that leverages user-specific knowledge from past interactions presents new challenges. We investigate these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Taeyoon Kwon , Dongwook Choi , Hyojun Kim , Sunghwan Kim , Seungjun Moon , Beong-woo Kwak , Kuan-Hao Huang , Jinyoung Yeo

Integrating LLM and reinforcement learning (RL) agent effectively to achieve complementary performance is critical in high stake tasks like cybersecurity operations. In this study, we introduce SecurityBot, a LLM agent mentored by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Yikuan Yan , Yaolun Zhang , Keman Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in domains such as education, mental health and customer support, where stable and consistent personas are critical for reliability. Yet, existing studies focus on narrative or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Jivnesh Sandhan , Fei Cheng , Tushar Sandhan , Yugo Murawaki